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Eriophyoid mite damage in Vitis vinifera (grapevine) in Australia: Calepitrimerus vitis and Colomerus vitis (Acari: Eriophyidae) as the common cause of the widespread 'Restricted Spring Growth' syndrome.

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Leaf and shoot distortions and retarded shoot growth in Vitis vinifera L. prevalent in Australian vineyards in early spring, were investigated in replicated field experiments over 3 yrs. Leaf distortion and retarded shoot growth were identified as damage due to feeding of extremely high populations

Secreted proteins produced by fungi associated with Botryosphaeria dieback trigger distinct defense responses in Vitis vinifera and Vitis rupestris cells.

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Grapevine trunk diseases (Eutypa dieback, esca and Botryosphaeria dieback) are caused by a complex of xylem-inhabiting fungi, which severely reduce yields in vineyards. Botryosphaeria dieback is associated with Botryosphaeriaceae. In order to develop effective strategies against Botryosphaeria

Antiinflammatory properties of the muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia).

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The muscadine grape possesses one of the highest antioxidant levels among fruits; yet, the effect of this fruit on mammalian metabolic systems has not received significant attention. To examine the antiinflammatory properties of the muscadine, grape skins were dried, pulverized, and extracted (10%

Surface motility and associated surfactant production in Agrobacterium vitis.

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OBJECTIVE Agrobacterium vitis is the causal agent of crown gall of grapevine. Surface motility (swarming), an important mechanism for bacterial colonization of new environments and a previously unknown behaviour of Ag. vitis, was demonstrated. METHODS Surface motility assays were performed on

Regulation of long-chain N-acyl-homoserine lactones in Agrobacterium vitis.

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Homologs of quorum-sensing luxR and luxI regulatory genes, avsR and avsI, were identified in Agrobacterium vitis strain F2/5. Compared to other LuxI proteins from related species, the deduced AvsI shows the greatest identity to SinI (71%) from Sinorhizobium meliloti Rm1021. AvsR possesses

Physical, Chemical, Developmental, and Genetic Factors that Modulate the Agrobacterium-Vitis Interaction.

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Tumor formation in Vitis species and hybrids, incited by Agrobacterium tumefaciens, was altered by chemical, physical, developmental, and genetic variables. Knowledge of the effect of these variables was used to develop a stringent in vitro assay system to select parents for a study of genetic

Flavonoids and darkness lower PCD in senescing Vitis vinifera suspension cell cultures.

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Senescence is a key developmental process occurring during the life cycle of plants that can be induced also by environmental conditions, such as starvation and/or darkness. During senescence, strict control of genes regulates ordered degradation and dismantling events, the most remarkable of which

The Ecology of Agrobacterium vitis and Management of Crown Gall Disease in Vineyards.

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Agrobacterium vitis is the primary causal agent of grapevine crown gall worldwide. Symptoms of grapevine crown gall disease include tumor formation on the aerial plant parts, whereas both tumorigenic and nontumorigenic strains of A. vitis cause root necrosis. Genetic and genomic analyses indicated

Pest categorisation of non-EU viruses and viroids of Vitis L

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Following a request from the EU Commission, the Panel on Plant Health addressed the pest categorisation of the viruses and viroids of Vitis L. determined as being either non-EU or of undetermined standing in a previous EFSA opinion. These infectious agents belong to different genera and are

Anti-invasive activity of anthocyanins isolated from Vitis coignetiae in human hepatocarcinoma cells.

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We investigated anti-invasive effects of the anthocyanins from fruits of Vitis coignetiae Pulliat (known as meoru in Korea) on human hepatoma Hep3B cells. The anthocyanins inhibited cell invasion in a dose-dependent manner as measured by Matrigel (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA) invasion assays.

Developmental Response of a Resistance-Breaking Population of Meloidogyne arenaria on Vitis spp.

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Pre- and post-infection resistance mechanisms expressed by Vitis rootstocks RS-9 and Teleki 5C against second-stage juveniles (J2) of resistance-breaking populations of Meloidogyne arenaria were observed and correlated with juvenile development and nematode reproduction. Cabernet Sauvignon grape was

Genetic and Phenotypic Characterization of Grapevine vein clearing virus from Wild Vitis rupestris.

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Grapevine vein clearing virus (GVCV), a new member of the genus Badnavirus in the family Caulimoviridae, is associated with a vein clearing and vine decline disease that severely affects grape production and berry quality in commercial vineyards in the Midwest region of the United States. In this

Partitioning and mobilization of starch and N reserves in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.).

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We followed C and N reserves of grapevines grown in trenches under semi-controlled conditions over a 3-year period after planting. Temporal mobilization of stored C and N and subsequent distribution of reserve materials within the vines were described in parallel with 15N uptake, particularly during

Interaction between Vitis vinifera and grape phylloxera: changes in root tissue during nodosity formation.

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OBJECTIVE The interaction between the gall-forming grapevine parasite, phylloxera, and the susceptible grapevine species Vitis vinifera was investigated. METHODS Phylloxera and grapevines were cocultivated using both potted and micropropagated grapevines. Development of nodosities on primary roots

Mutations that Affect Agrobacterium vitis-Induced Grape Necrosis also Alter Its Ability to Cause a Hypersensitive Response on Tobacco.

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ABSTRACT Tn5-induced mutations in Agrobacterium vitis F2/5 resulted in both altered grape necrosis and tobacco leaf panel collapse phenotypes, suggesting that the underlying mechanisms of the reactions are related. The reaction on tobacco resembles the classical hypersensitive response (HR) caused

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Herbal & Natural Medicine

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