Stress-Induced Inflammation and Reward Processing

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StatusTamamlandı

Sponsorlar

University of California, Los Angeles

Əməkdaşlar

UCLA Norman Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology

KLINIK SINAQ: NCT03828604

BioSeek: NCT03828604

Açar sözlər

Mücərrəd

Anhedonia, or loss of interest or pleasure, is a key feature of depression and transdiagnostic construct in psychopathology. Both theory and compelling evidence from preclinical models implicates stress-induced inflammation as a key psychobiological pathway to anhedonic behavior; however, this pathway has not been demonstrated in human models. Further, although anhedonia may reflect dysregulation in multiple dimensions of reward, the extent to which stress-induced inflammation alters these dimensions is unclear. The current placebo controlled study used a standardized laboratory stressor task to elicit an inflammatory response in a sample of a healthy young women and evaluate effects of stress-induced inflammation on multiple behavioral indices of reward processing.

Təsvir

In this study we propose to examine the association between psychosocial stress, the stress-induced inflammatory response, and reward processing in a female undergraduate sample. Specifically, we will 1) examine effects of an acute psychosocial stressor on reward processing; 2) evaluate the association between stress-related changes in inflammation and reward processing; and 3) test key vulnerability factors that may moderate the association between stress and reward. To achieve these goals, this study will recruit 60 female undergraduate students to test effects of stress on reward processing in a 3.5 hour laboratory session. Participants will be randomly assigned to either experience a laboratory stressor or a placebo control, and will complete reward tasks 90 minutes post stress/placebo onset, at which point the peripheral inflammatory response to stress reaches its peak. The reward tasks are computerized behavioral tasks that assess three domains of reward processing: reward-learning, reward motivation, and reward sensitivity. Throughout the session, all participants will complete self-report measures of affect and provide blood and saliva samples for evaluation of the psychological and physiological stress response. Within one week prior to the session, participants will attend a 1 hour visit in which they complete baseline reward tasks and self-report questionnaires assessing mood, personality, early life stress, and health behaviors. In total, participants will complete two visits, with a duration of 4.5 hours. This study builds upon prior studies demonstrating immediate effects of acute stress on reward processing, and further tests for delayed effects of acute stress on reward processing. Furthermore, this will be the first study to examine inflammation as a mechanism linking stress to deficits in reward processing. Findings may inform theory of depression etiology and contribute to more specialized treatment that is targeted at specific symptoms of depression.

Tarixlər

Son Doğrulandı:	01/31/2019
İlk təqdim:	01/30/2019
Təxmini qeydiyyat təqdim edildi:	01/30/2019
İlk Göndərmə:	02/03/2019
Son Yeniləmə Göndərildi:	01/31/2019
Son Yeniləmə Göndərildi:	02/04/2019
Həqiqi Təhsilin Başlama Tarixi:	05/11/2017
Təxmini İlkin Tamamlanma Tarixi:	12/07/2017
Təxmini İşin Tamamlanma Tarixi:	05/08/2018

Vəziyyət və ya xəstəlik

Stress, Psychological

Müdaxilə / müalicə

Behavioral: Stress; Trier Social Stress Task

Behavioral: Placebo Trier Social Stress Task

Faza

Qol Qrupları

Qol	Müdaxilə / müalicə
Experimental: Stress; Trier Social Stress Task 5 min challenging speech task, 5 min challenging math task; performed in front of evaluators	Behavioral: Stress; Trier Social Stress Task Standardized acute psychosocial stressor
Active Comparator: Placebo Trier Social Stress Task 5 min speech task, 5 min math task; performed alone	Behavioral: Placebo Trier Social Stress Task Active control version of the TSST

Uyğunluq Kriteriyaları

Təhsil üçün uyğun yaşlar	18 Years Üçün 18 Years
Təhsilə Uyğun Cinslər	Female
Sağlam Könüllüləri qəbul edir	Bəli
Kriteriyalar	Inclusion Criteria: - English fluency - Age 18-28 - Biologically female Exclusion Criteria: - Current illness - Presence or history of major medical conditions - Current or past diagnosis of alcohol use disorder - Use of tobacco - Use of immune-altering medications - Current pregnancy

Nəticə

İlkin nəticə tədbirləri

1. Probabilistic Reward Task - Reward Responsiveness [Pre-TSST/P-TSST and 90 min post-TSST/P-TSST]

Change in the magnitude of response bias from pre to post Trier Social Stress Task (TSST) or Placebo-TSST (P-TSST).

2. Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task - Reward Motivation [Pre-TSST/P-TSST and 120 min post-TSST/P-TSST]

Change in amount of hard trials chosen from pre to post-TSST/P-TSST (overall, and at 3 levels of probability of potential rewards; low, medium, and high)

3. Attentional Bias Task [Pre-TSST/P-TSST and 110 min post-TSST/P-TSST]

Change in attentional bias from pre to post-TSST/P-TSST

İkincili Nəticə Tədbirləri

1. Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task - Reward Sensitivity [120 min post-TSST]

Strength of the relationship between changes in reward magnitude and high effort trial choice as a function of degree of change in IL-6 following acute stress

2. Face Morphing Task [Pre-TSST/P-TSST and 115 min post-TSST/P-TSST]

Change in latency to detect emotional expressions

Digər nəticə tədbirləri

1. Depressive symptoms [Change in depressive symptoms from study entry to 4-month follow-up]

The 20-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD) is a self-report measure; participants are asked to rate how often they have experienced depressed feelings, attitudes, and behavioral symptoms during the past week (0 = rarely; 3 = most of the time). The total score range is 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating higher depressive symptoms.

2. Affective experience during the experimental session [Entry, pre-TSST/P-TSST; during TSST/P-TSST; 60, 90, 120, 150 min post TSST/P-TSST]

Emotional reactivity and recovery from the TSST/P-TSST will be assessed using items from the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and the Profile of Mood States. Participants rate how they feel "right now (that is, at the present moment) on a 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely) Likert scale. Average scores for subscales are reported, including positive and negative affect (7 items each), fatigue (8 items) vigor (5 items) and confusion (7 items). Participants also use visual analogue scales (VAS) to indicate how stressed, anxious, angry, confident, calm, socially connected and happy they are currently feeling on a 0 (not at all) to 100 (extremely) scale. The VAS are completed alongside the PANAS and three additional times during the TSST/P-TSST.