Cytotoxic sesquiterpenoids against hepatic stellate cell line LX2 from Artemisia lavandulaefolia
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The preliminary assay suggested that the EtOH extract of Artemisia lavandulaefolia had cytotoxicity against hepatic stellate cell line LX2 (HSC-LX2) with an inhibitory ratio of 94.1% at 400 μg/mL. Bioassay-guided investigation led to eleven new sesquiterpenoids, artemilavanolides C-F (1-4) and artemlavandulolides A-G (5-11), as well as thirteen known compounds (12-24). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data and X-ray crystallographic analysis. Cytotoxicity evaluation suggested that fourteen compounds exhibited activity against HSC-LX2; compounds 22, 23 and 24 were comparable to the positive control, silybin (IC50, 162.3 μM); compounds 6, 9 and 16 showed moderate activity with IC50 values of 109.3, 114.0 and 124.2 μM. Importantly, compounds 14, 15 and 18 displayed significant cytotoxicity against HSC-LX2 with IC50 values of 52.1, 16.5 and 21.3 μM, and inhibitory activity on the deposition of human collagen type I (Col I) and human laminin (HL) with IC50 values ranging from 7.3 to 71.6 μM and from 18.6 to 72.9 μM.
Keywords: Artemisia lavandulaefolia; Cytotoxicity; Extracellular matrix; HSC-LX2; Sesquiterpenoids.