arterial pCO2 of 3.5 kPa or 26.3 mmHg
hypocapnia

Hypocapnia

arterial PCO2 of 6.5-7.0 kPa or 48.8-52.5 mmHg
normocapnia

Normocapnia

Total

Sex: Female, Male

Region of Enrollment

During a procedure, the surgical condition will be scored by one surgeon using a 5-point surgical rating scale. The rating scale is a 5-point ordinal scale ranging from 1 = poor condition to 5 = optimal surgical conditions. The surgeon will score the condition at 15 minute intervals.The values given on the surgical rating scale are averaged and the average value is used in the data analysis.

Surgical Rating Scale

Hemodynamic conditions are studied during low arterial CO2 concentration and normal arterial CO2 concentration. The average of the measured mean arterial pressures at 15 minute intervals during anesthesia are presented

Hemodynamics

The effect of low versus normal pCO2 concentrations on the postoperative respiratory function will be studied. Postoperative saturations are obtained at 15 minutes intervals. The data are averaged over time.

Respiratory Function

The effect of low versus normal pCO2 concentrations on postoperative pain will be studied. Painscores are obtained at 15 minutes intervals and are expressed as a number on a 10 point scale (numeric rating scale; 1 (low)-10(maximum)). The data is avaraged over time

Pain Intensity on an 11-point Scale in the Postoperative Period

The effect of low versus normal pCO2 concentrations on postoperative sedation will be studied using the using the validated Leiden Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation (0 (awake) - 6 (unarousable)) scale at 15 min intervals. The data are averaged over time.

Sedation

The effect of low versus normal pCO2 concentrations on the incidence of postoperative nausea will be studied. The incidence is expressed as the percentage of people experiencing nausea per arm.

Nausea

The effect of low versus normal pCO2 concentrations on the incidence of postoperative vomiting will be studied. The incidence of vomiting is expressed as a precentage of the patients per arm.

Vomiting

Overall Study

Albert Dahan

Prostate Cancer

Renal Cancer

Hyperventilation to the level of hypocapnia

hypocapnia

Normal ventilation to the level of nromocapnia

normocapnia

Leiden University Medical Center

Effect of Neuromuscular Block and Arterial PCO2 on Surgical Rating Scale (SRS), Following Reversal With Sugammadex

Effect of Deep Neuromuscular Block and Variations in Arterial PCO2 on the Surgical Rating Scale (SRS), Extubation Conditions and Postoperative Conditions Following Reversal With Sugammadex

Prof. Dr.

Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.

(Endotoxin) before (Endotoxin + Nicotine)

(Endotoxin + Nicotine) before (Endotoxin)

Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome

Bolus injection of LPS 2 ng/kg IV at time = 2 hours (Study day A).

Endotoxin

Transdermal application of nicotine patch applied at time = -8 hours (midnight the day before Study day B) + bolus injection of LPS 2 ng/kg at time = 2 hours (Study day 2)

Endotoxin + Nicotine

Center for Inflammation and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet

Autonomic Nervous Activity During the Systemic Inflammatory Response in Trained and Untrained Healthy Volunteers

Cytokines are released into the bloodstream as part of the systemic inflammatory response and allow quantification of the severity of the systemic inflammatory response.
Cytokines are measured multiple times to record changes from baseline during the intervention.

HRV is the variation in the interval between heart beats over a given time period. A higher variability is considered an indirectly marker of increasing vagal acitivity. Low variability contrarily indicates decreasing vagal activity and increased sympathetic activity.
HRV is calculated from continous, non-invasive monitoring of heart rhytm. Recordings are made at multiple fixed times to track changes from baseline during intervention.

Pressure algometry performed by a hand-held device with a tip area of 1 cm2 applied perpendicularly on the non-dominant lateral vastus muscle with a gradual increase in pressure until participant indicates painful stimuli.

A sequence of 4 tonic heat stimuli (45, 46, 47 and 48°C) delivered by a thermos with a duration of 5 s each and separated by an interstimulus interval of 30 s. Participants rated pain sensation using a visual analog scale (VAS).

Anders Rasmussen Rinnov

Local administrator

Rigshospitalet, Denmark

Bispebjerg Hospital

Anesthesia Recovery Period

Delirium, Dementia, Cognitive Disorders

Neurobehavioural Manifestation

Mental Competency

Hypnotics: propofol, sevoflurane, desflurane,desflurane,midazolam

Azienda Policlinico Umberto I, University of Rome La Sapienza,

Postanesthesia Cognitive Recovery and Neuropsychologic Complications

Post Operative Cognitive Recovery and Neuropsychological Complications After General Anesthesia. A Comparison Between Different Techniques of Anesthesia: A Multi-Center Observational Study

hypocapnia/nausea

Effect of Neuromuscular Block and Arterial PCO2 on Surgical Rating Scale (SRS), Following Reversal With Sugammadex

Autonomic Nervous Activity During the Systemic Inflammatory Response in Trained and Untrained Healthy Volunteers

Postanesthesia Cognitive Recovery and Neuropsychologic Complications

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