The control group mainly consists of healthy volunteers. The whole blood is obtained and frozen to detect the corresponding biochemical markers in the futures. The vascular tissues are obtained from the deserted and free abdominal aorta conjugated to the renal artery in the kidney transplantation.

In the TA cohort, patients are divided into two groups mainly, sham TA group and scramble TA group. The sham TA group is the TA group who is given the traditional and classical intervention or treatment and so on.

Compared to sham TA group in the cohort, scramble TA group refers to TA patients who are given novel drugs or new drugs which are safe to treat other autoimmune diseases but have not been used to treat TA yet, or some new interventions and so on.

The whole blood was drawn and centrifuged to get serum, plasma, and cell pellet. The vascular specimens were also obtained with permission.

Takayasu Arteritis

Mechanisms, Defense

Pregnancy Related

Treatment Refusal

Outcome

The scramble TA group is given bioagents such as IL-6R antibody, CD20-antibody, TNF-alpha antibody, and other bioagents which are safe to use in human to treat other refractory diseases. The sham group is given cyclophosphamide. And the prednisone is the basic drugs to be used in TA.

Tocilizumab

The scramble TA group is given new molecules such as Leflunomide, Iguratimod, and other molecules which are safe to use in human to treat other refractory diseases. The sham group is also given cyclophosphamide. And the prednisone is the basic drugs to be used in TA.

Leflunomide

Department of Rheumatology in Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University

The Registry Study of Takayasu Arteritis in East China

The Cohort Study of East Chinese Takayasu's Arteritis (ECTA-cohort Study)

The change of manifestations of systemic symptoms could effectively reflect the disease status of patients. The systemic symptoms associated with Takayasu arteritis mainly consist of fever, fatigue and chest congestion. Fever is examined by thermometer with the axillary's temperature, and the T>37.5 degree is considered to be fever. After investigators excluding the fever caused by infection through CT or laboratory examinations, the occurrence of fever usually indicates the disease activity.

The occurrence of fatigue indicates that the disease might be in the active phase. Self reported fatigue is obtained through inquiry, recorded by investigators and classified as "WITH" and "WITHOUT".

The occurrence of chest congestion indicates that the heart and pulmonary might be involved and the disease might be in the active phase. Self reported chest congestion is obtained through inquiry, recorded by investigators and classified as "WITH" and "WITHOUT".

Multiple emerging signs or symptoms could sensitively reflect the extent of ischemia of artery or organs. Self-reported emerging signs or symptoms of ischemia including vascular pain, dizziness, headache, amaurosis, vision loss, blurred vision, palpitations, chest pain, abdominal pain, claudication and other symptom through inquiry are recorded by investigators and classified as "WITH" and "WITHOUT". Participants with emerging signs or symptoms of ischemia usually face aggravating TA disease.

The vascular bruits and pulse strength are evaluated and scored from 0 to 2 (0=without bruits and pulse; 1=bruits and decreased pulse; 2= normal) by a special well-trained investigator. If the score decreases, the ischemia is exacerbated and classified as "WITH".

The blood pressure change is measured with sphygmomanometer by the investigators. The measure is performed three times in each visit, and the mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) are recorded. If the pressure fluctuates over 20mmHg, the stenosis of artery may exacerbate and the disease might be in the active phase.

The laboratory inflammatory markers such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) are concise and efficient methods to monitor the change of disease status, and are examined by clinical laboratory in Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University. Investigators record and summarize the results and evaluate the change of ESR under different treatment options.

IL-6 plays an important role in the progression of Takayasu arteritis. The level of plasma IL-6 is detected by clinical laboratory in Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University. Investigators record and summarize the results and evaluate the change of IL-6 under different interventions, and analyze the relationship between IL-6 and disease status.

MRA and contrast-enhanced carotid ultrasound imaging are important methods to evaluate TA vascular inflammation and structural change. In the initial interview and every 3 times of follow-up, the imaging examination are carried out and the images are stored at the hospital. Two radiologists perform the independent reading and evaluation. Vascular imaging is employed to monitor the improvement of the vascular wall inflammation and vascular structures (including vessel wall thickness and vascular stenosis) during treatment. For patients with stent or other metallic foreign things in the body, PET-CT and CT are also used to examine the shape and lumen of the vessels.

The change of Quality of Life (QOF) with the SF-36 questionnaire Self reported the change of quality of life. Patients complete the SF-36 quality of life assessment questionnaire. Investigators provide the guidance and training on how to complete the questionnaire but must not interfere with the patients' own choice. Investigators evaluate the change of overall quality of life of patients and score the change from 0 to 2 (0= alleviated, 1=similar, 2= worsen).

For childbearing women who are preparing to be pregnant and being pregnant, investigators pay special attention to these participants and provide proper guidance and assistance promptly. To evaluate the change of obstetric related examinations, investigators record the results of obstetric related examinations such as height of uterus, abdominal perimeter, and collaborate with ultrasound specialist to perform the obstetric ultrasound to monitor the status of fetus. At last, investigators assess the process and scores from 0 to 4 with the help of doctors from gynecologist and obstetrician. (0= much better than normal women, 1= similar to normal women, 2= worse than normal women but without obstetrics and gynecology complications, 3= worse than normal women with obstetrics and gynecology complications, 4= abortion, death of fetus or mother.)

Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital

Patients with atherosclerotic lower limb ischemia will be randomly assigned to the cell transplantation group, which peripheral blood CD34+ cells transfected with ActiveMax® recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF165) gene will be transplanted into the muscles of ischemic limbs in elderly patients with atherosclerotic lower limb ischemia.

Patients with atherosclerotic lower limb ischemia will be randomly assigned to the control group, which 9% physiological saline will be injected into the muscles of ischemic limbs.

Atherosclerotic Ischemic Disease

the cell transplantation group

the control group

Peripheral Blood Autologous CD34+ Cell Transplantation Promotes Angiogenesis With Atherosclerotic Ischemia for Elderly

Peripheral Blood Autologous CD34+ Cell Transplantation Promotes Angiogenesis in Elderly Patients With Atherosclerotic Ischemia: Study Protocol for a Prospective, Single-center, Open-label, Randomized, Controlled, Clinical Trial

To assess lower limb ischemia. Ankle-brachial index (ABI) is the ratio of the blood pressure at the ankle to the blood pressure in the upper arm (brachium; Appendix 1). The range of ABI of normal persons at resting is between 0.9 and 1.3. Abnormal results: less than 0.8 represents moderate disease; less than 0.5 represents severe disease. The ABI of intermittent claudication patients is mainly between 0.35 and 0.9. The ABI of rest pain patients is often less than 0.4, and the patient will be at risk of amputation. ABI of more than 1.3 indicates vascular wall calcification and loss of vascular contraction.

To observe the changes in microvessel number.Five fields will be randomly selected under a high power microscope (× 400). High number of microvessels indicates the generation of more new blood vessels.

Lili Xu

Principal Investigator

Qingdao University

Inpatients of the Qingdao No. 9 People's Hospital will be recruited. Potential participants can contact the project manager via telephone. After providing informed consent, these potential participants will be screened using the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Myocardial Injury

St Antonius hospital

Myocardial Injury and Postoperative Complications

Postoperative Myocardial Injury and Non-cardiac Complications After Major Abdominal Surgery in Patients at Risk for Coronary Artery Disease

high sensitive troponin elevation at day 1, 3 or 7 after surgery

wound infection, pneumonia, anastomotic dehiscence, sepsis, respiratory insufficiency, bleeding, intestinal ischemia, death.

intermittent claudication/qızdırma

The Registry Study of Takayasu Arteritis in East China

Peripheral Blood Autologous CD34+ Cell Transplantation Promotes Angiogenesis With Atherosclerotic Ischemia for Elderly

Myocardial Injury and Postoperative Complications

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