Səhifə 1 dan 17 nəticələr
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is an environmental air pollutant and endogenously generated oxidant that contributes to the exacerbation of respiratory disease and can function as an adjuvant to allergically sensitize to an innocuous inhaled Ag. Because uric acid has been implicated as a mediator of
Gout is a common rheumatic condition caused due to increase in serum uric acid level (hyperuricemia). Uricase is for lowering the level of uric acid but unfortunately, it is not produced in humans due to evolutionary changes. Therefore, it is administered to humans from outside in case of the high
Available recombinant uricases (rasburicase, pegloticase) are potent hypouricaemic agents for tophaceous gout, but their long-term use is in question. We have performed a literature review on uricases, using Scirus, PubMed, Science Direct, and several other search engines. We have also consulted the
Modification by covalent attachment of monomethoxypolyethylene glycol (PEG) can reduce the immunogenicity and prolong the circulating life of injected enzymes, making their use as therapeutic agents feasible. We report the first clinical use of PEG-modified Arthrobacter protoformiae uricase
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy, immunogenicity, and tolerability of intravenous (IV) PEGylated recombinant mammalian urate oxidase (PEG-uricase) for the treatment of severe gout.
METHODS
Single infusions of PEG-uricase (at doses ranging from 0.5 mg to 12 mg) were administered to 24 patients (6
The treatment of gout is based on several principles. Symptom control and termination of the inflammatory process are important early goals, whereas the urate level should be lowered in the long term to prevent further gout attacks and complications. The non-pharmacological approach is based on
An acute attack of gouty arthritis is one of the most painful experiences reported throughout medical history. Therefore it is paramount to initiate appropriate therapy quickly in order to terminate the acute phase. This goal can be achieved with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, colchicine,
The prevalence of gout has increased markedly in the United States in the past two decades, and new treatments for hyperuricemia are being developed. Recent molecular identification of urate transporter-1 (URAT1) as the central mediator of renal urate reabsorption has provided novel understanding of
The undesirable immune response poses a life-threatening challenge to human health. It not only deteriorates the therapeutic performance of biologic drugs but also contributes to various diseases such as allergies and autoimmune diseases. Inspired by the role of chromatin in the maintenance of
BACKGROUND
Deposition of uric acid in the kidney can lead to progressive tubulointerstitial injury with granuloma formation. We hypothesized that uric acid crystal deposition may induce granuloma formation by stimulating local expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), which is a
Allopurinol, the first-line drug for serum urate-lowering therapy in gout, is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for a dose up to 800 mg/d and is available as a low-cost generic drug. However, the vast majority of allopurinol prescriptions are for doses < or = 300 mg/d, which often
The use of polymers for delivering peptide and protein drugs is described. Soluble-polymer technology attempts to bind a polymer to all sites on therapeutic protein molecules that cause the body to recognize the molecules as foreign. Goals include a stable linkage, water solubility, low
The development of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) is a common cause for treatment failure and hypersensitivity reactions for many biologics. The focus of this review is the development of ImmTOR, a platform technology designed to prevent the formation of ADAs that can be applied broadly across a wide
Gout is increasingly seen in the elderly population, in large part due to physiological decline in renal function with age, and as a result of therapy for comorbidities, in particular the use of diuretic therapies for hypertension and congestive heart failure. Urate-lowering therapy (ULT) is the
Although type 2 immune responses to environmental Ags are thought to play pivotal roles in asthma and allergic airway diseases, the immunological mechanisms that initiate the responses are largely unknown. Many allergens have biologic activities, including enzymatic activities and abilities to