[Mediastinitis on oesphagal perforation].

Vomiting is less benign than it seems … Esophageal perforations and ruptures cause the contents of the esophageal lumen to leak into the cervical retroesophageal space, the mediastinum or the abdomen, which can trigger, among other adverse events, a mediastinitis, the diagnosis of which is difficult and should be established as promptly as possible. It's a rare pathology involving a high risk of diagnostic errors.