Effects of Caloric Restriction on Fetuin-A and Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Ключови думи
Резюме
Описание
Rapidly growing aging society augmented the risk of age-associated disorders, such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Dietary interventions that reduce daily energy intake, also known as caloric restriction (CR), has been shown to be the most robust intervention to extend average and maximal lifespan in various experimental animals (1). In addition, CR diminishes the risk of multiple age-associated diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and some forms of cancer in rodents and primates (rhesus monkeys) (1; 2). Moreover, in obese humans, CR improves insulin sensitivity and reduces fasting glucose as well as the other components of metabolic syndrome (3). However, the exact underlying mechanism of CR has not been fully defined yet.
Recently, it is hypothesized that liver may regulate systemic energy metabolism through production of secretory proteins known as hepatokines. Fetuin-A, a circulating glycoprotein almost exclusively secreted by the liver, has been found to inhibit insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity in animal studies (4). Fetuin-A knockout (KO) mice have enhanced glucose sensitivity, resistance to weight gain, and lower serum free fatty acid levels (5). In humans, high fetuin-A levels are associated with insulin resistance and fat accumulation in the liver (6). Ix et al. reported that higher human fetuin-A concentrations are strongly associated with metabolic syndrome and atherogenic lipid profile in non-diabetic patients with coronary artery disease (7). In addition, fetuin-A levels were associated with surrogate marker of atherosclerosis such as arterial stiffness and intima-media thickness (IMT) (8). Recent studies reported that elevated fetuin-A levels predict increased risk of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke (9) as well as type 2 diabetes (10). However, there has been no previous report about the effects of CR on fetuin-A comparing with changes of cardiovascular risk indicators in animals or humans.
Дати
| Последна проверка: | 03/31/2011 |
| Първо изпратено: | 04/03/2011 |
| Очаквано записване подадено: | 04/04/2011 |
| Първо публикувано: | 04/05/2011 |
| Изпратена последна актуализация: | 04/04/2011 |
| Последна актуализация публикувана: | 04/05/2011 |
| Действителна начална дата на проучването: | 02/28/2010 |
| Приблизителна дата на първично завършване: | 02/28/2011 |
| Очаквана дата на завършване на проучването: | 02/28/2011 |
Състояние или заболяване
Интервенция / лечение
Behavioral: Caloric restriction group
Фаза
Групи за ръце
| Arm | Интервенция / лечение |
|---|---|
| Experimental: Caloric restriction group CR group were educated by a dietitian to reduce their usual energy intake to 1400 kcal/day (-500 kcal/day, -26% from baseline) for weight reduction and the recommended macronutrient composition was the 50-55% of energy intake as carbohydrate, 15-20% as protein and 20-25% as fat. Daily energy intake and nutrient composition were determined using a computer-aided nutritional analysis program (CAN-Pro 3.0; Korean Nutrition Society, Seoul, South Korea). | Behavioral: Caloric restriction group Caloric restriction |
| No Intervention: Control group Control group - ad libitum diet |
Критерии за допустимост
| Възрасти, отговарящи на условията за проучване | 35 Years Да се 35 Years |
| Полове, допустими за проучване | Female |
| Приема здрави доброволци | Да |
| Критерии | Inclusion Criteria: - type 2 diabetes - BMI >= 23 kg/m2 - stable body weight (<2 kg change in weight in the past 6 months) - sedentary lifestyle (<20 min of exercise twice a week) Exclusion Criteria: - smoking - cardiovascular disease - chronic kidney disease - chronic liver disease - pregnant or breast feeding - any major illness - taking medications that could affect laboratory test results |
Резултат
Първични изходни мерки
1. Fetuin-A [12 weeks]
Вторични изходни мерки
1. cardiovascular risk factors [12 weeks]
