Hypolipidemic and Antioxidant Capacity of Spirulina and Exercise
Ключови думи
Резюме
Описание
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally, being dyslipidemias, oxidative stress, sedentary lifestyle and obesity primary risk factors. As a way to reduce cardiovascular diseases risk factors, the intake of antioxidants that come from a fruit and vegetable-rich diet or nutritional supplements, have been proposed; in this sense, the cyanobacterium Spirulina maxima is an important source of antioxidants, which is currently associated with cardiovascular protection properties. Furthermore, physical exercise at moderated intensity has protective effect exerted against cardiovascular diseases risks, mainly due to physiological adaptations, including expression of antioxidant enzymes, which stop formation and propagation of radicals, improving redox status of the organism.
There is evidence that Spirulina maxima, in addition to exercise, decreases cardiovascular diseases risks, this was mainly observed in animal models. However, no studies in humans under Spirulina maxima and exercise experimental designs proving these benefits are reported. Therefore this study will analyze the independent and synergistic effect of the intake of Spirulina maxima with a program of physical exercise at moderated intensity on general fitness, plasma lipid profile and antioxidant capacity in overweight and obese subjects.
Methods/design: Through a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, counterbalanced crossover study design, 80 healthy overweight and obese subjects will be assessed during a 12 week isoenergetic diet, accompanied by 4.5 g/day Spirulina maxima intake and/or a systematic physical exercise program at moderate intensity. Body composition, VO2 consumption, heart rate, blood lactate, plasma concentrations of triacylglycerols, total, low and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, antioxidant status, lipid oxidation, protein carbonyls, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and paraoxonase will be assessed.
Discussion: Spirulina maxima and exercise are good alternatives to improve general fitness, to prevent or lessen dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in subjects with risk factor of chronic or noncommunicable diseases. However the independent and synergistic effect of Spirulina maxima with exercise against dyslipidemias and stress in overweight and obesity is not yet known.
Дати
| Последна проверка: | 09/30/2019 |
| Първо изпратено: | 06/21/2016 |
| Очаквано записване подадено: | 07/14/2016 |
| Първо публикувано: | 07/18/2016 |
| Изпратена последна актуализация: | 11/11/2019 |
| Последна актуализация публикувана: | 11/12/2019 |
| Действителна начална дата на проучването: | 05/03/2017 |
| Приблизителна дата на първично завършване: | 09/29/2017 |
| Очаквана дата на завършване на проучването: | 12/09/2017 |
Състояние или заболяване
Интервенция / лечение
Dietary Supplement: Supplementation with Spirulina maxima
Other: Washout
Other: Supplementation with placebo
Other: Isoenergetic diet
Other: Exercise group and supplementation
Фаза
Групи за ръце
| Arm | Интервенция / лечение |
|---|---|
| Active Comparator: Exercise group and supplementation Supplementation with Spirulina maxima Supplementation with placebo Group with exercise program and supplementation with Spirulina maxima or placebo (4.5 g/d) in capsules during 6 weeks, then a 2 weeks washout, to finally proceed to the other treatment during 6 more weeks. During the 14 weeks of study duration every participant will have a personal isoenergetic diet. | Other: Exercise group and supplementation Participants are going to exercise five days a week with the following protocol: Between 5 and 10 min of heating exercise, Between 20-30 min anaerobic exercise and 20-30 min of aerobic exercise (cardiovascular exercise): walking, jogging, running and/or cycling, Three days a week aerobic intensities will be between 60% and 80% and two days between 70% and 90% of the maximum heart rate reserve, and five final minutes of stretching. |
| Active Comparator: No exercise group and supplementation Supplementation with Spirulina maxima Supplementation with placebo Group without exercise program and supplementation with Spirulina maxima or placebo (4.5 g/d) in capsules during 6 weeks, then a 2 weeks washout, to finally proceed to the other treatment during 6 more weeks. During the 14 weeks of study duration every participant will have a personal isoenergetic diet. |
Критерии за допустимост
| Възрасти, отговарящи на условията за проучване | 18 Years Да се 18 Years |
| Полове, допустими за проучване | All |
| Приема здрави доброволци | Да |
| Критерии | Inclusion Criteria: - Overweight (Body mass index (BMI): 25-29.9 kg/m2) and obese (BMI: > 30 kg/m2) persons Exclusion Criteria: - Taking drugs and/or food or vitamin supplements - diabetes - have a physical or electrocardiographic injury that prevents them from engaging in regular physical exercise |
Резултат
Първични изходни мерки
1. Change in lipid profile [14 weeks]
Вторични изходни мерки
1. General fitness assessed by change in maximum oxygen consumption [14 weeks]
2. General fitness assessed by change in heart rate [14 weeks]
3. General fitness assessed by change in lactate [14 weeks]
4. General fitness assessed by change in body mass [14 weeks]
5. General fitness assessed by change in blood pressure [14 weeks]
6. Redox status assessed by change in malondialdehyde [14 weeks]
7. Redox status assessed by change in protein carbonyls [14 weeks]
8. Redox status assessed by change in paraoxonase [14 weeks]
9. Redox status assessed by change in superoxide dismutase [14 weeks]
10. Redox status assessed by change in catalase [14 weeks]
11. Redox status assessed by change in glutathione [14 weeks]
12. Redox status assessed by change in glutathione reductase [14 weeks]
13. Redox status assessed by change in glutathione peroxidase [14 weeks]
