Expression of a cannabinoid receptor in baculovirus-infected insect cells.

A cannabinoid receptor recombinant baculovirus (AcNPV-THCR) has been constructed and employed to express rat neural cannabinoid receptors. Northern analysis of total RNA from Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) insect cells infected with AcNPV-THCR revealed novel hyper-production of a 3.3 kb transcript when probed with nick-translated rat cannabinoid receptor cDNA. Optimal viral protein expression was observed in 35S-metabolically labeled AcNPV-THCR-infected Sf9 cells at a multiplicity of infection of 2.5. Transmission electron microscopy of AcNPV-THCR-infected Sf9 cells showed extensive membrane perturbation and electron-dense cytoplasmic perinuclear accumulation, indicative of receptor glycoprotein expression. Immunofluorescence staining using antiserum produced to a fusion protein consisting of the external domain of the cannabinoid receptor and hepatitis B core antigen revealed cannabinoid receptor expression in AcNPV-THCR-infected Sf9 cells. Scatchard-Rosenthal analysis of [3H]CP55,940 receptor binding indicated a Kd of 3.4 nM and a Bmax equal to 3.17 pmol/mg protein. Western immunoblotting performed on AcNPV-THCR-infected Sf9 cell lysates revealed immunoreactive bands with relative molecular weights ranging from 45 to 79 kDa. The predominant species (55 kDa) exhibited a relative molecular weight consistent with that predicted for the translational product obtained from the cannabinoid receptor cDNA coding sequence. In vitro translation using AcNPV-THCR mRNA also yielded a 55 kDa immunoreactive species. These data indicate that the baculovirus expression system is a viable means of expressing relatively large quantities of cannabinoid receptor recombinant protein.