refractive errors/никотин

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[Present knowledge on the effects of smoking tobacco on the eye diseases].

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It is accepted that tobacco smoking impairs different functions of the organ of vision and can be the cause of different eye diseases. It is well-known that tobacco smoke contains more than 4,000 substances, some of them exerting toxic influence on the eye by producing the ischemia or/and oxidative

Lower urinary cotinine level is associated with a trend toward more myopic refractive errors in Korean adolescents.

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PurposeTo investigate the association between urinary cotinine levels as an objective biological marker for exposure to nicotine and refractive status.Patients and methodsThis cross-sectional study analyzed data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2008 and 2011. A

Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and eye disease.

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OBJECTIVE To undertake a systematic review of the literature on the effect of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and eye disease. METHODS Medline (1950-January Week 2 2007), EMBASE (1980 to 2007 Week 07), SCOPUS and Science Direct were searched on ETS exposure and eye disease using various

Prevalence and risk factors for myopia and other refractive errors in an adult population in southern India.

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OBJECTIVE To investigate prevalence and risk factors for myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism in southern India. METHODS Randomly sampled villages were enumerated to identify people aged ≥40 years. Participants were interviewed for socioeconomic and lifestyle factors and attended a hospital-based

Alcohol consumption and visual contrast sensitivity.

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Visual contrast sensitivity (VCS) was measured in 30 alcoholic patients and 52 controls. The results showed a significant reduction in VCS for all the spatial frequencies. The mean reduction for all spatial frequencies was 2.49 dB below the level of the control group. Optimal sensitivity

Prevalence of visual impairment and its association with vision-related quality of life among elderly persons in a resettlement colony of Delhi.

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The population of India is ageing. The number and percentage of elderly persons is increasing. Visual impairment is common among elderly persons and affects their vision-related quality of life. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of visual impairment among

[Prevalence of low visual acuity and ophthalmological disorders in six-year-old children from Santa Fe city].

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BACKGROUND Changes in children visual acuity that are not treated carry a high risk of irreversible consequences. OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of low visual acuity and to diagnose the ophthalmologic diseases that cause it in six-year-old children from Santa Fe City,

Passive smoking exposure might be associated with hypermetropia.

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OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between nicotine exposure in children via passive smoking and the refractive errors of these children. METHODS The study included 300 children between the age of 5 and 12 years. Children were subjected to detailed history taking with

What do patients think about the role of optometrists in providing advice about smoking and nutrition?

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Tobacco smoking and nutrition are key lifestyle factors with long-term effects on eye health. However, little is known about patients' perceptions and experiences in these areas in relation to the care received from optometrists. The main aim was to survey patients' perceptions and prior experience

Effect of chronic smoking on lens nucleus as assessed by Pentacam HR lens densitometry in young adults.

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OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of chronic tobacco smoking on lens nucleus by Pentacam HR lens densitometry (LD) in young adults. METHODS Prospective cross-sectional case series. METHODS Thirty subjects (23 M, 7 F) who were chronic cigarette smokers (≥10 cigarettes/day for at least 2 years) (group

Pharmacology of myopia and potential role for intrinsic retinal circadian rhythms.

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Despite the high prevalence and public health impact of refractive errors, the mechanisms responsible for ametropias are poorly understood. Much evidence now supports the concept that the retina is central to the mechanism(s) regulating emmetropization and underlying refractive errors. Using a

Smoking and Eye Pathologies. A Systemic Review. Part I. Anterior Eye Segment Pathologies.

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Tobacco smoking has detrimental influence on human health and is one of the leading causes of preventable mortality worldwide, associated with lung cancer, chronic obstructive lung disease and cardiovascular disease. The analysis of the influence of tobacco smoking on pathology of the anterior

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