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Limitation of a bioterrorist anthrax attack will require rapid and accurate recognition of the earliest victims. To identify clinical characteristics of inhalational anthrax, we compared 47 historical cases (including 11 cases of bioterrorism-related anthrax) with 376 controls with
BACKGROUND
Bioterrorism using anthrax claimed five lives in the United States in 2001 and remains a potential public health threat. In the aftermath of a large-scale anthrax attack, mass screening to identify early inhalational anthrax may improve both the management of individual cases and the
OBJECTIVE
Since the 2001 anthrax attacks, an extensive body of literature has evolved, but there has been a limited focus on the management of pediatric-specific issues. We looked at the symptom complexes of all pediatric patients presenting to the emergency department of our hospital during this
Anthrax is an ancient disease of animals and men, caused by Bacillus anthracis. The diagnosis of cutaneous infection is relatively easy, but other clinical forms might escape recognition. We present two rare and fatal forms of anthrax: meningeal in a 33-year-old male shepherd and intestinal in a
BACKGROUND
Anthrax vaccine was licensed in 1970 and is used to protect individuals exposed to biological warfare and those who may come in contact with Bacillus anthracis in infected animals or in laboratory settings. The current adsorbed anthrax vaccine is regarded as effective and safe. Adverse
Early studies confirmed Bacillus anthracis in emesis and feces of flies under laboratory conditions, but there is little empirical field evidence supporting the roles of flies in anthrax transmission. We collected samples during outbreaks of anthrax affecting livestock and native and exotic wildlife
From October 4 to November 2, 2001, the first 10 confirmed cases of inhalational anthrax caused by intentional release of Bacillus anthracis were identified in the United States. Epidemiologic investigation indicated that the outbreak, in the District of Columbia, Florida, New Jersey, and New York,
OBJECTIVE
To systematically review the literature about children with anthrax to describe their clinical course, treatment responses, and the predictors of disease progression and mortality.
METHODS
MEDLINE (1966-2005), 14 selected journal indexes (1900-1966) and bibliographies of all retrieved
On October 9, 2001, a letter containing anthrax spores was mailed from New Jersey to Washington, DC. The letter was processed at a major postal facility in Washington, DC, and opened in the Senate's Hart Office Building on October 15. Between October 19 and October 26, there were 5 cases of
Gastrointestinal anthrax is a rare but serious disease. In August 2017, Isingiro District, Uganda reported a cluster of >40 persons with acute-onset gastroenteritis. Symptoms included bloody diarrhoea. We investigated to identify the etiology and exposures, and to inform control Inhalational anthrax (IA) is a rapidly progressive disease that frequently results in sepsis and death, and prompt recognition is critical. To distinguish IA from other causes of acute respiratory illness, patients who had IA were compared with patients in an ambulatory clinic who had influenza-like
BACKGROUND
Bacillus anthracis may usually cause three forms of anthrax: inhalation, gastrointestinal and cutaneous. The gastrointestinal (GI) anthrax develops after eating contaminated meat. Thus, in this paper were report 5 cases of intestinal anthrax.
METHODS
We report a case series of intestinal
Thirty human anthrax cases were reported from Ramabhadrapuram village of Chittoor district in Andhra Pradesh during November-December, 1989. These cases occurred following an epizootic of anthrax among cattle and sheep of the village and ingestion of contaminated meat by the villagers. The overall
There are three clinical presentations of anthrax in humans: cutaneous (>95% of cases), orogastric and inhalational. The infectious form, the spore, enters the body and is thought to germinate within macrophages either at the site of inoculation (cutaneous or orogastric) or in the regional lymph
Anthrax is a disease caused by infection with spores from the bacteria Bacillus anthracis. After entering the body, the spores germinate into bacteria and secrete a toxin that causes local edema and, in systemic infections, cardiovascular collapse and death. The toxin is a tripartite polypeptide,