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During the summer of 1977, an outbreak of pharyngoconjunctival fever (PCF) occurred at a private recreational facility in Georgia. A total of 72 cases of PCF was identified. Adenovirus type 4 (AV-4) was recovered from conjunctival or pharyngeal swab specimens from 20 of 26 persons in the group of
An explosive common-source epidemic of typhoid fever, probably the world's biggest, occurred in Sangli Town (Maharashtra State), India, between December 1975 and February 1976 when, with the incidence rate of 6.59% over this 12-week period, probably more than 9000 cases occurred in a population of
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the possibility of permanent renal function impairment and other organ lesions following hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS).
METHODS
Data on 30/37 patients infected with HFRS, treated at the Department of Infectious Diseases, Split University Hospital, in 1995 were
On May 2, 2009 an outbreak of typhoid fever began in rural villages along the Malawi-Mozambique border resulting in 748 illnesses and 44 deaths by September 2010. Despite numerous interventions, including distribution of WaterGuard (WG) for in-home water treatment and education on its use, cases of
Locally manufactured sodium hypochlorite (chlorine) solution has been sold in Zimbabwe since 2010. During October 1, 2011-April 30, 2012, 4,181 suspected and 52 confirmed cases of typhoid fever were identified in Harare. In response to this outbreak, chlorine tablets were distributed. To evaluate
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is clinically promising in destructing primary tumors but ineffective against distant metastases. This study reports the use of immunogenic nanoparticles mediated combination of PDT and magnetic hyperthermia to synergistically augment the anti-metastatic efficacy of
In 2015, a typhoid fever outbreak began in downtown Kampala, Uganda, and spread into adjacent districts. In response, an environmental survey of drinking water source types was conducted in areas of the city with high case numbers. A total of 122 samples was collected from 12 source types and tested
Unsafe drinking water continues to burden developing countries despite improvements in clean water delivery and sanitation, in response to Millennium Development Goal 7. Salmonella serotype Typhi and Vibrio cholerae bacteria can contaminate drinking water, causing waterborne typhoid fever and
Twenty preparturient dairy cows were in a 2-yr switchover design to test effects of dietary ions on incidence of milk fever. In yr 1, cows were blocked and assigned randomly 45 days prepartum to one of two diets; one diet contained an excess of anions, and the second diet contained an excess of
The effects of three representative disinfectants, chlorine (sodium hypochlorite), iodine (potassium tetraglicine triiodide), and quaternary ammonium compound (didecyldimethylammonium chloride), on several exotic disease viruses were examined. The viruses used were four enveloped viruses (vesicular
The presence of Legionella spp. in potable water systems is a major concern to municipal water providers and consumers alike. Despite the inclusion of chlorine in potable supplies and frequent chlorination cycles, the bacterium is a recalcitrant human pathogen capable of causing incidents of
Hypocalcaemia or milk fever is a condition resulting from an insufficiency of plasma calcium to maintain proper body function and is probably the most prevalent mineral-related disorder faced by the transition cow. It is also referred to as parturient paresis or parturient paralysis due to the
BACKGROUND
Intracranial infection with Acinetobacter baumannii is a tough problem due to the presence of multiresistance and drugs poor penetration through the blood brain barrier (BBB). Tigecycline is effective to cure A baumannii, but it can only be used intravenously which is also difficult to
BACKGROUND
The common mixture for smoke bombs contains zinc oxide and a chlorine donor, which allows for the formation of fine particles of zinc chloride. We report a fatal case of exposure to a smoke bomb used for a fire training exercise at a school.
METHODS
A 21-year-old student inhaled zinc
In the period June 6--July 24, 1977, and outbreak of illness due to adenovirus type 3 (AV3) occurred in residents of a suburban community (Community A), Dekalb County, Georgia. Based on surveys, at least 105 cases occurred. The illness was primarily characterized by sore throat, fever, headache, and