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Glycine is a mandatory positive allosteric modulator of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-type ionotropic glutamate receptors in the central nervous system. Elevation of glycine concentrations by inhibition of its reuptake in the vicinity of NMDA receptors may positively influence receptor functions as
The crystal structure of the recombinant apo-form of glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT) has been determined at 2.5 A resolution. GNMT is a tetrameric enzyme (monomer Mr = 32,423Da, 292 amino acids) that catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) to glycine with the
BACKGROUND
Recent studies have revealed the antinociceptive effects of glycine transporter (GlyT) inhibitors in neuropathic pain models such as sciatic nerve-injured and diabetic animals. Bone cancer can cause the most severe pain according to complex mechanisms in which a neuropathic element is
This study was carried out to assess the relations between plasma glycine concentrations and the biochemical changes occurring during intra-uterine resections (IUR) under glycine irrigation. Sixty patients with benign uterine conditions were included. They were all ranked ASA 1 or 2. The biological
A rapidly disintegration tablet in the oral cavity was prepared using a glycine as a disintegrant. Effect of disintegrant on the disintegration behavior of the tablet in the oral cavity was evaluated. Wetting time prepared from carboxymethylcellulose (NS-300) having the hardness of 4 kg was 3 s.
We report the partial molar volumes and adiabatic compressibilities of N-acetyl amino acid amides and oligoglycines at glycine betaine (GB) concentrations ranging from 0 to 4 M. We use these results to evaluate the volumetric contributions of amino acid side chains and the glycyl unit (-CH(2)CONH-)
Recent genome projects for ctenophores have revealed the presence of numerous ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) in Mnemiopsis leidyi and Pleurobrachia bachei, among our earliest metazoan ancestors. Sequence alignments and phylogenetic analysis show that these form a distinct clade from the
Glycine receptors (GlyRs) are members of the ligand-gated ion channel superfamily. Each subunit has four transmembrane segments (TM1-TM4). Several studies suggest that amino acids in all four TMs face into a water-filled, alcohol and anesthetic binding cavity in the extracellular portion of the
We report the first application of volume and compressibility measurements to characterization of interactions between cosolvents (osmolytes) and globular proteins. Specifically, we measure the partial molar volumes and adiabatic compressibilities of cytochrome c, ribonuclease A, lysozyme, and
Tropeines are bidirectional modulators of native and recombinant glycine receptors (GlyRs) and promising leads for the development of novel modulatory agents. Tropisetron potentiates and inhibits agonist-triggered GlyR currents at femto- to nanomolar and micromolar concentrations respectively. Here,
Ryanodine receptor channels (RyR) are key components of striated muscle excitation-contraction coupling, and alterations in their function underlie both inherited and acquired disease. A full understanding of the disease process will require a detailed knowledge of the mechanisms and structures
The ligand-gated ion channel receptor superfamily includes receptors for glycine, GABA, acetylcholine and serotonin. Whereas the acetylcholine and serotonin receptors mediate excitory neurotransmissions, both glycine and GABA(A) receptors are inhibitory. In this study, a fragment of the human
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) from chicken was expressed in and purified from Escherichia coli. To investigate the physical basis of possible protein stabilization strategies, the effect of substitutions of glycine residues by alanine in helical regions was determined. One Gly to
L-Lactate monooxygenase (LMO) from Mycobacterium smegmatis was mutated at glycine 99 to alanine, and the properties of the resulting mutant (referred to as G99A) were studied. Mutant G99A of LMO was designed to test the postulate that the smaller glycine residue in the vicinity of the alpha-carbon
OBJECTIVE
The role of methylation reactions in cancer was examined using the methylating agents, sulfobetaine [dimethylsulfonioproponate (DMSP)], and glycine betaine (GB), in murine crucial Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) for up to 10 days.
RESULTS
DMSP administration in EAC-bearing mice mitigated