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The mechanism by which human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitor therapy adversely induces lipodystrophy and hyperlipidemia has not been defined. This study explored the mechanism associated with the adverse effects of the prototype protease inhibitor ritonavir in mice. Ritonavir
Hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD) is a life-threatening complication after stem cell transplantation (SCT), characterized by thrombus formation in hepatic venules leading to a symptom triad of hyperbilirubinemia, hepatomegaly, and ascites. Multifactorial defects in the hemostatic system may
Schistosome parasites utilize hemoglobin as a major protein source for their metabolism. Degradation of hemoglobin has been hypothesized to be mediated by both cysteine and aspartyl proteases secreted into the lumen of the parasite intestine. We now show that two distinct types of irreversible
BACKGROUND
Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant disorder of lymphoid progenitor cells that proliferate and replace the normal hematopoietic cells of the bone marrow. Protease-activated receptors (PARs) comprise a family of trans-membrane G-protein coupled receptors. Protease-activated
BACKGROUND
Lipodystrophy (LD; peripheral lipoatrophy, central adiposity) hyperlipidaemia and insulin resistance often complicate protease inhibitor-containing antiretroviral therapy. Lipoatrophy and abdominal distension were observed in protease inhibitor-naive nucleoside analogue reverse
Alpha-1-antitrypsin is a blood glycoprotein synthesized in the liver. It is a protease inhibitor of the serpine group and has a specific action for elastase. Alpha-1-antitrypsin electrophoresis shows about 20 phenotypes, the normal one being PiM. The allele PiZ is usually responsible for liver or
Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is a rare genetic disorder characterized by hepatitis in neonates, childhood and adulthood (protease inhibitor (PI)*ZZ) and emphysema with or without hepatitis (PI*ZZ)/(PI*SS,SZ or null) in adulthood. We report the case of a female neonate born at 40 weeks of
Acute hepatitis led to abnormal coagulopathy, bleeding, and death in a nonhemophiliac infant infected with the human immunodeficiency virus, possibly due to zidovudine or ritonavir or both. Acute hepatitis during ritonavir treatment and episodes of spontaneous bleeding have been reported in patients
BACKGROUND
Opisthorchiasis caused by Opisthorchis viverrini, is of considerable public health importance in Southeast Asia, particularly in Lao People's Democratic Republic and Thailand. The infection is associated with a number ofhepatobiliary diseases including cholangitis, obstructive jaundice,
Clinical, histological (including electron-microscopic), immunohistochemical and genetic studies were performed on two infants with alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. The clinical picture was one of neonatal biliary stasis. Liver biopsies revealed multiple cytoplasmic acidophilic bodies within many
Protein accumulation in liver cells contributes to alcohol-induced hepatomegaly and is the result of an ethanol-elicited deceleration of protein catabolism (Alcohol Clin Exp Res 13:49, 1989). Because lysosomes are active in the degradation of most hepatic proteins, the present studies were conducted
BACKGROUND
Before highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) rates were higher among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed infants than unexposed infants. This study examines congenital and perinatal/early postnatal (P/EP) CMV among HIV-exposed infants pre-
Mutation of the SERPINA1 gene is present in about 2% of patients with cystic fibrosis but is more common and accounts for about 5% in patients with cystic fibrosis and co-existing liver lesions. The SERPINA1 gene is responsible for the synthesis of a serine protease inhibitor. The protein related
Liver disease in children with alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency and protease inhibitor type ZZ does not necessarily carry a bad prognosis. Fourteen of our 18 patients presented with the neonatal hepatitis syndrome and four had hepatomegaly without jaundice. Although four patients have died of cirrhosis
A report on 9 cases of infantile hepatopathy and cirrhosis of the liver respectively in cases of hereditary autosome-recessive alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (alpha 1-ATM). The genetic variants of the serum-protease-inhibitor (Pi) alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT) were examined by means of