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holoprosencephaly/veratrum
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Cyclopamine-induced holoprosencephaly and associated craniofacial malformations in the golden hamster: anatomic and molecular events.
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Holoprosencephaly is a complex congenital malformation of the brain and is often associated with a spectrum of facial anomalies ranging from normocephaly or nondiagnostic changes to cleft lip/palate (premaxillary dysgenesis), cebocephaly, ethmocephaly, and cyclopia. The primary insult is thought to
Hikers poisoned: Veratrum steroidal alkaloid toxicity following ingestion of foraged Veratrum parviflorum.
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BACKGROUND
Steroidal alkaloids are found in plants of the genus Veratrum. Their toxicity manifests as gastrointestinal symptoms followed by a Bezold-Jarisch reflex: hypopnea, hypotension, and bradycardia. Some Veratrum steroidal alkaloids are also teratogens interfering with the hedgehog-2 signaling
From teratogens to potential therapeutics: natural inhibitors of the Hedgehog signaling network come of age.
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Steroidal alkaloids from Veratrum californicum (Durand) are known to exert teratogenic effects (e.g., cyclopia, holoprosencephaly) by blocking the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, which plays a considerable role in embryonic development and organogenesis. Most surprisingly, recent studies
Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the veratrum plant teratogens: cyclopamine and jervine.
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Veratrum californicum was responsible for large losses of sheep grazing high mountain ranges in central Idaho in the 1950s. Veratrum induces various birth defects including the cyclopic-type craniofacial defect (monkey-faced lambs) that is specifically induced in lambs after pregnant ewes grazed the
The teratogenic Veratrum alkaloid cyclopamine inhibits sonic hedgehog signal transduction.
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The steroidal alkaloid cyclopamine produces cyclopia and holoprosencephaly when administered to gastrulation-stage amniote embryos. Cyclopamine-induced malformations in chick embryos are associated with interruption of Sonic hedgehog (Shh)-mediated dorsoventral patterning of the neural tube and
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