These patients are Hospitalized or consult in the participating hospitals of the Pointe à Pitre (Guadeloupe), or at the Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital (Paris).
They were diagnosed Idiopathic PD (Parkinson Disease). The diagnosis is made according to the MDS criteria described in Postuma and al. 2015.

They are Spouse of Parkinson Patients group , with an age difference <5 years compared to the patient concerned.
If the Spouse can't be included, a corresponding control subject could be recruited in the consultation with an age difference <5 years compared to the patient concerned, in respecting the final gender ratio of the PD group.

Parkinson Disease

Nasal Swab

Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital

Centre Hospitalier Universitaire

Role of Nasal Dysbiosis in Parkinson Disease

The operational taxonomic units (OTU) will be constructed and comparison between groups will be performed.

Demographic variables (locations of residence and types of housing), risk factors (activities, diet, history family).

Olfactory performance will be measured using the Sniffin' Stick test battery (Burghardt, Wedel, Germany) following a standardized procedure and a discrimination test of odorant mixtures developed by the Research Unit

Severity of the disease will be evaluated using the Hoehn and Yahr staging.

Severity of non-motor manifestations of the disease will be assessed using the Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS).

Severity of REM behavior disorder will be evaluated using the Innsbruck REM sleep behaviour disorder inventory .

The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) will be used to assess global cognitive performance.

Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) will be used to detect executive dysfunction.

The delayed paragraph recall index from the Wechsler Memory Scale IV-Revised will be employed as a valid, sensitive measure of verbal declarative memory and a surrogate marker of hippocampal function.

The Snaith-Hamilton pleasure scale (self-questionnaire) will be used to assess anhedonia severity,

The Quick inventory of depressive symptomatology-self-rated will be used for depression intensity evaluation.

The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 17, a clinician rating test, will also be used to assess depression severity.

The MINI, a clinician rating test, will also be used to assess depression severity.

anhedonia/càries dental

Role of Nasal Dysbiosis in Parkinson Disease

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