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A sucrose-acetone-extracted, Madin-Darby-bovine-kidney (MDBK)-derived Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) antigen was tested both in an indirect ELISA and a haemagglutination-inhibition test for its ability to detect serum antibodies to RVFV. Optimal conditions for antigen concentration, serum and
BACKGROUND
Lippia javanica (Burm.F.) Spreng is one of the spice plants commonly found in almost every part of South Africa. Apart from its culinary uses, it is also traditionally used as an insect repellant and infusion for fever, flu, kidney stone treatment, cough, common cold, and chest
The serological diagnosis of Nephropathia epidemica (NE), the mild European type of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), was studied by means of an indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique (IFAT) in a large outbreak in Finland (morbidity 1.4/1000 population). Acetone-fixed sections of
Hemagglutination activity was demonstrated in a Hantaan virus antigen prepared from infected suckling mouse brain by sucrose-acetone extraction. Hemagglutination of goose erythrocytes was pH dependent and was optimal at pH 6.0-6.2. Immunofluorescent and hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies were
The antigen of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) was detected in the lungs of the following free-living small rodents trapped in different localities in Eastern Slovakia: Clethrionomys glareolus (2 positive samples of 7), Apodemus flavicollis (1 sample of 24) and Apodemus agrarius (7
A schizont antigen for the indirect fluorescent antibody test against Theileria parva was prepared from a T parva-infected bovine lymphoblastoid cell line by fixing the cells in suspension with a mixture of acetone and formaldehyde. The antigen was stored in suspension in phosphate buffered saline
A study was made of the efficacy of various antityphoid immunizing agents in immunizing chimpanzees against typhoid fever produced by feeding viable S. typhosa. It was found that both acetone-killed and heat-killed, phenol-preserved typhoid vaccines were effective in protecting against infection
Heating for 1 h at 60 degrees C completely destroyed the infectivity of sucrose-acetone-extracted antigen of Rift Valley (RVF) and Congo Crimean haemorrhagic fever (CCHF), as well as of RVF- and CCHF-infected mouse brain. These antigens could be successfully used, however, for complement fixation
Different methods of the preparation of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) antigen for complement-fixation (CF) test are described. The antigens were prepared from the organs of suckling white rats inoculated with the Western type of HRFS by precipitation with polyethylene glycol, by
In 1960, some 72 000 schoolchildren in British Guiana participated in a controlled field trial of typhoid fever vaccines that was supported in part by the World Health Organization. The children were divided into three groups each receiving two doses, one of acetone-dried and inactivated vaccine,
In 1954-60 a Yugoslav Typhoid Commission showed in the first controlled field trial of typhoid vaccines, carried out in Osijek, Yugoslavia, that heat-phenol-inactivated typhoid vaccine gave a relatively high and long-lasting immunity. However, this liquid vaccine preparation was unstable and
A controlled field trial was carried out with acetone-dried vaccine on about 35 000 people on the Tongan islands of tongatapu and 'Eua where typhoid fever is endemic. Volunteers were distributed at random into 3 groups, 1 of which received 1 dose of typhoid vaccine and a second 2 doses; the third, a
An aerosol model of Legionella infection has been established in guinea pigs. Infected animals showed growth of Legionella in their lungs, dissemination of organisms to the spleen, development of pneumonia and fever, and weight loss. Vaccination studies using heat-killed or acetone-killed cells were