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BACKGROUND
Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) aids smoking reduction and cessation. Although NRT is effective and safe, some smokers may achieve high nicotine levels. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and severity of nicotine-related adverse events in subjects with levels of
using the urinary cotinine biomarker to verify the occurrence of green tobacco sickness in workers who cultivate Burley tobacco.paired case-control study, based on smoking status and on the 1:4 ratio, with participation of 20 case workers and 91 controls. OBJECTIVE
To study the composition of tobacco dust, atmospheric nicotine concentration, urinary cotinine excretion and the subjective symptoms of workers in dry tobacco leaf preparation.
METHODS
The tobacco dust in air of the breathing zone of workers and the urine samples of these workers and a
Green tobacco sickness (GTS) is an illness associated with exposure to nicotine originating directly from the growing tobacco plant. The exposure takes place in the course of activities during tobacco farming. Nausea, vomiting, headache and dizziness are the symptoms typical of GTS. The GTS cases
In recent years there has been an enormous development in the use of electronic cigarettes (e-cig). In Italy, in the 2019, the users of e-cig are about 900.000. E-cig users tend to overlook the absolute risk of the e-cig product in favor of the relative During the harvest period, tobacco workers are exposed to nicotine and it is known that absorption of the alkaloid via the leaves causes green tobacco sickness (GST). We investigated if GST and its symptoms are associated with DNA damage and alterations of the redox status. DNA damage was measured
OBJECTIVE
To assess the efficacy and safety of varenicline (a licensed cigarette smoking cessation aid) in helping users of smokeless tobacco to quit.
METHODS
Double blind, placebo controlled, parallel group, multicentre, randomised controlled trial.
METHODS
Medical clinics (mostly primary care) in
OBJECTIVE
This study was carried out to understand the prevalence and risk factors of green tobacco sickness (GTS) among Korean tobacco harvesters.
METHODS
The authors conducted a questionnaire among the tobacco harvesters (1, 064 persons from 555 out of 723 tobacco harvesting households) in
BACKGROUND
Transdermal nicotine is of value in active ulcerative colitis but causes adverse events because of systemic absorption. Nicotine enemas may give rise to fewer adverse events.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the pharmacokinetics of nicotine enemas in three doses.
METHODS
Thirteen volunteers, all
The use of rubber gloves reduced nicotine and cotinine absorption among 29 tobacco harvesters, as evidenced by the urinary excretion rate of nicotine and cotinine. Approximately 20% (n = 6) of the subjects reported that symptoms disappeared when they used gloves, but the remaining 23 workers
Occupational health problems among 100 tobacco processing workers were investigated. Symptoms, including vomiting, giddiness, headache, etc. were found among 69 exposed subjects. It was also observed that the excretion rate of nicotine and cotinine increased among exposed subjects. Biochemical
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the safety, tolerance, and efficacy of 24-hour nicotine patch therapy in adolescent smokers who were trying to stop smoking.
METHODS
Nonrandomized, open-label, 6-month clinical trial.
METHODS
Five public high schools in the Rochester, MN, area.
METHODS
Twenty-two adolescent
Dermal absorption of nicotine by people harvesting tobacco may cause an acute intoxication called green tobacco sickness. Although Brazil is the second largest producer of tobacco in the world, green tobacco sickness had not been reported in the country to date. We conducted a 1:1 matched
This study examined the effects of the nicotine patch on craving and withdrawal symptoms, safety, and compliance among adolescents. The secondary goal was to conduct a preliminary investigation of the effectiveness of the nicotine patch in helping adolescents quit smoking. The study design was a
1. The absolute bioavailability and absorption kinetics of nicotine were investigated in 13 healthy adult male smokers following single and multiple applications of a nicotine transdermal system (NTS), designed to release nicotine at an approximate rate of 1.5 mg h-1 over 24 h. The absorption of