Mediterranean Diet and the Metabolic Syndrome
Nøgleord
Abstrakt
Beskrivelse
Patients consuming the intervention diet were given detailed advice about the usefulness of the experimental diet. Through a series of monthly small-group sessions, intervention patients received education in reducing dietary calories (if needed), personal goal-setting, and self-monitoring using food diaries. Behavioral and psychological counseling was also offered. The dietary advice was tailored to each patient on the basis of 3-day food records. The recommended composition of the dietary regimen was as follows: carbohydrates, 50% to 60%; proteins, 15% to 20%; total fat, less than 30%; saturated fat, less than 10%; and cholesterol consumption, less than 300 mg per day. Moreover, patients were advised to consume at least 250 to 300 g of fruits, 125 to 150 g of vegetables, and 25 to 50 g of walnuts per day; in addition, they were also encouraged to consume 400 g of whole grains (legumes, rice, maize, and wheat) daily and to increase their consumption of olive oil. Patients were in the program for 24 months and had monthly sessions with the nutritionist for the first year and bimonthly sessions for the second year. Compliance with the program was assessed by attendance at the meetings and completion of the diet diaries.
Datoer
| Sidst bekræftet: | 02/29/2008 |
| Først indsendt: | 03/03/2008 |
| Anslået tilmelding indsendt: | 03/18/2008 |
| Først indsendt: | 03/20/2008 |
| Sidste opdatering indsendt: | 03/18/2008 |
| Sidste opdatering indsendt: | 03/20/2008 |
| Faktisk startdato for undersøgelsen: | 05/31/2001 |
| Anslået primær afslutningsdato: | 09/30/2003 |
| Anslået afslutningsdato for undersøgelsen: | 12/31/2003 |
Tilstand eller sygdom
Intervention / behandling
Behavioral: 1
Behavioral: 2
Fase
Armgrupper
| Arm | Intervention / behandling |
|---|---|
| Experimental: 1 Mediterranean diet | Behavioral: 1 The dietary advice was tailored to each patient on the basis of 3-day food records. The recommended composition of the dietary regimen was as follows: carbohydrates, 50% to 60%; proteins, 15% to 20%; total fat, less than 30%; saturated fat, less than 10%; and cholesterol consumption, less than 300 mg per day. Moreover, patients were advised to consume at least 250 to 300 g of fruits, 125 to 150 g of vegetables, and 25 to 50 g of walnuts per day; in addition, they were also encouraged to consume 400 g of whole grains (legumes, rice, maize, and wheat) daily and to increase their consumption of olive oil. |
| Active Comparator: 2 Control diet | Behavioral: 2 Patients consuming the control diet were given general oral and written information about healthy food choices at baseline and at subsequent visits but were offered no specific individualized program. However, the general recommendation for macronutrient composition of the diet was similar to that for the intervention group (carbohydrates, 50%-60%; proteins, 15%-20%; and total fat, <30%). |
Kriterier for støtteberettigelse
| Alder berettiget til undersøgelse | 25 Years Til 25 Years |
| Køn, der er berettiget til undersøgelse | All |
| Accepterer sunde frivillige | Ja |
| Kriterier | Inclusion Criteria: - To be enrolled in the study, patients had to have 3 or more of the following criteria to meet the diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome, as defined by the Adult Treatment Panel III Exclusion Criteria: - Patients were excluded if they had cardiovascular disease, psychiatric problems, a history of alcohol abuse (alcohol consumption 500 g/wk in the last year), if they smoked, or if they took any medication. |
Resultat
Primære resultatforanstaltninger
1. Endothelial function and vascular inflammatory markers [2 years]
Sekundære resultatforanstaltninger
1. Resolution of metabolic syndrome [2 years]
