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BACKGROUND
Apomorphine is a specific dopaminergic agonist used in the treatment of severe fluctuations of Parkinson's disease, particularly in patients on L-dopa. The drug is usually given subcutaneously, either as several daily injections or via a continuous subcutaneous delivery system. We
Status epilepticus (SE) was induced for 40 min by flurothyl in well oxygenated rats. This insult resulted in selective destruction of up to 65% of the substantia nigra pars reticulata. We investigated the short and long term behavioral effects of this damage. No deficits were observed in
Infusion site reactions are common following subcutaneous infusion of drugs. Such reactions can lead to discontinuation of the treatment. Therefore, assessment of such reactions is essential during preclinical safety studies, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can assist in evaluation. Here, in
Biologic tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitors do not cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). A BBB-penetrating TNF-α inhibitor was engineered by fusion of the extracellular domain of the type II human TNF receptor (TNFR) to the carboxyl terminus of the heavy chain of a mouse/rat chimeric monoclonal
BACKGROUND
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is defined as a diffuse or multifocal cerebral dysfunction that generally occurs early during severe sepsis. The complete pathophysiology of SAE is unknown, but several mechanisms including endotoxins, inflammatory mediators, the alteration of amino
Many catechol derivatives are currently used as drugs, even if they produce reactive oxygen species that may cause tissue damage. Among them, apomorphine, a potent dopamine agonist, displays efficient anti-parkinsonian properties, but the consequences of its oxidant and toxic properties have been
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to investigate the nasal toxicity of a mucoadhesive Carbopol 971P formulation of apomorphine.
METHODS
The effects of different concentrations of Carbopol 971P and apomorphine on ciliary beat frequency (CBF) were studied in suspension cultures of human nasal
Deep-brain lacunar infarct represents a significant clinical problem as it produces severe symptoms highly resistant to rehabilitation. The limited area of necrosis may facilitate neurorepair via the action of various novel neuroprotective strategies including cell-based therapies. The lesion was
Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder with selective and progressive decline of nigral dopaminergic neurons. Hypericum perforatum L. (H. perforatum, St. John's wort) has been traditionally used for management of different disorders, especially mild-to-moderate
This study was undertaken to investigate the neuroprotective effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced rats with Parkinson's disease. rTMS was given to rats with Parkinson's disease induced by 6-OHDA, daily for 4 weeks to examine the
The aim of this study was to examine whether the non-competitive NMDA-antagonist memantine might have neuroprotective properties in an animal model of pro-gressive functional neurodegeneration, without producing NMDA-specific learning and memory deficiencies. Rats were subjected to bilateral
OBJECTIVE
An animal model has been developed to study the effect of gamma knife surgery(GKS) on cerebral function.
METHODS
A rat was fixed in a newly developed Régis-Valliccioni frame that enables the target region to be planned directly on the magnetic resonance images. The left striatum was
The dysfunction of ubiquitin-proteasome system is an important pathogenesis in the neurodegenerative process of Parkinson's disease. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive and potential method in treating Parkinson's disease. To investigate whether rTMS has
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is routinely used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, tremor disease, dystonia, and epilepsy. This study aims to establish a hemiparkinsonian monkey model and to investigate the effect of implanted human DBS system for the chronic alleviation of parkinsonian