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Occurrence, genetic diversity, and recombination of maize lethal necrosis disease-causing viruses in Kenya
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Maize is the most important food crop in Kenya accounting for more than 51% of all staples grown in the country. Out of Kenya's 5.3 million ha total crops area, more than 2.1 million ha is occupied by maize which translates to 40% of all crops area. However, with the emergence of maize lethal
Effect of policosanol on isoprenaline-induced myocardial necrosis in rats.
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Policosanol is a mixture of higher aliphatic primary alcohols isolated from sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum L.) and octacosanol represents its main component. This study was conducted to examine the effects of policosanol on myocardial necrosis induced by subcutaneous injection of isoprenaline in
Genomic characterization of cycad leaf necrosis virus, the first badnavirus identified in a gymnosperm.
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A previously undescribed badnavirus was isolated from Zamia fischeri showing symptoms of chlorosis, necrosis, and ringspot. The virus has bacilliform virions 30 nm in diameter and averaging 120 nm in length. The viral genome is 9227 bp in length and contains three open reading frames characteristic
Johnsongrass mosaic virus Contributes to Maize Lethal Necrosis in East Africa.
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Maize lethal necrosis (MLN), a severe virus disease of maize, has emerged in East Africa in recent years with devastating effects on production and food security where maize is a staple subsistence crop. In extensive surveys of MLN-symptomatic plants in East Africa, sequences of Johnsongrass mosaic
Modeling Virus Coinfection to Inform Management of Maize Lethal Necrosis in Kenya.
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Maize lethal necrosis (MLN) has emerged as a serious threat to food security in sub-Saharan Africa. MLN is caused by coinfection with two viruses, Maize chlorotic mottle virus and a potyvirus, often Sugarcane mosaic virus. To better understand the dynamics of MLN and to provide insight into disease
First Report of Maize chlorotic mottle virus and Maize Lethal Necrosis in Kenya.
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In September 2011, a high incidence of a new maize (Zea mays L.) disease was reported at lower elevations (1,900 m asl) in the Longisa division of Bomet County, Southern Rift Valley, Kenya. The disease later spread to the Narok South and North and Naivasha Districts. By March 2012, the disease was
Genetic Analysis of QTL for Resistance to Maize Lethal Necrosis in Multiple Mapping Populations.
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Maize lethal necrosis (MLN) occurs when maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) and sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) co-infect maize plant. Yield loss of up to 100% can be experienced under severe infections. Identification and validation of genomic regions and their flanking markers can facilitate marker
Maize Lethal Necrosis (MLN), an Emerging Threat to Maize-Based Food Security in Sub-Saharan Africa.
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In sub-Saharan Africa, maize is a staple food and key determinant of food security for smallholder farming communities. Pest and disease outbreaks are key constraints to maize productivity. In September 2011, a serious disease outbreak, later diagnosed as maize lethal necrosis (MLN), was reported on
Maize Lethal Necrosis: An Emerging, Synergistic Viral Disease.
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Maize lethal necrosis (MLN) is a disease of maize caused by coinfection of maize with maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) and one of several viruses from the Potyviridae, such as sugarcane mosaic virus, maize dwarf mosaic virus, Johnsongrass mosaic virus or wheat streak mosaic virus. The coinfecting
Metagenomic analysis of viruses associated with maize lethal necrosis in Kenya.
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Maize lethal necrosis is caused by a synergistic co-infection of Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) and a specific member of the Potyviridae, such as Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV), Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) or Johnson grass mosaic virus (JGMV). Typical maize lethal necrosis symptoms include
Genome-wide association and genomic prediction of resistance to maize lethal necrosis disease in tropical maize germplasm.
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CONCLUSIONS
Genome-wide association analysis in tropical and subtropical maize germplasm revealed that MLND resistance is influenced by multiple genomic regions with small to medium effects. The maize lethal necrosis disease (MLND) caused by synergistic interaction of Maize chlorotic mottle virus
The genus Striga: a witch profile.
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The genus Striga comprises about 30 obligate root-parasitic plants, commonly known as witchweeds. In particular, S. hermonthica, S. asiatica and S. gesnerioides cause immense losses to major stable crops in sub-Saharan Africa. Most Striga species parasitize grass species (Poaceae), but Striga
Further characterization of Maize chlorotic mottle virus and its synergistic interaction with Sugarcane mosaic virus in maize.
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Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) was first reported in maize in China in 2009. In this study we further analyzed the epidemiology of MCMV and corn lethal necrosis disease (CLND) in China. We determined that CLND observed in China was caused by co-infection of MCMV and sugarcane mosaic virus
First Report of Stalk Rot Disease of Sugarcane Caused by Phaeocytostroma sacchari in Mexico.
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In April 2009 and 2010, severe symptoms of stalk rot of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) plants cvs. MEX-79-431, MEX-69-749, and RB-73-9735 were observed in commercials fields located in southeast Michoacan state, Mexico. The diseased plants exhibited complete discoloration of foliage, ascendant
Characterization of Maize miRNAs in Response to Synergistic Infection of Maize Chlorotic Mottle Virus and Sugarcane Mosaic Virus.
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The synergistic infection of maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) and sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) causes maize lethal necrosis, with considerable losses to global maize production. microRNAs (miRNAs) are conserved non-coding small RNAs that play essential regulatory roles in plant development and
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