Apoptotic Changes in Gingiva Caused by Smoking
Λέξεις-κλειδιά
Αφηρημένη
Περιγραφή
Periodontal disease disrupts soft tissue metabolism in the gingiva through a decrease in the production of collagen, the quality, and quantity of the connective tissue. The etiology and pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis are mostly revealed, however, the mechanism of environmental factors such as smoking yet to be clarified. Major consequences of smoking in gingival tissues are suggested to be the reduction in neutrophil and fibroblast function, decreased immunoglobulin G production, increased periodontal pathogen bacteria prevalence, difficulty in eliminating pathogens with mechanical therapy, and reduction in growth factor production. In the present study, markers of tissue destruction, matrix metalloproteinase-8 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1, hypoxia markers, vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia-inducible factor and apoptotic markers, bax, bcl-2, and caspase-3 were evaluated.
Ημερομηνίες
| Τελευταία επαλήθευση: | 07/31/2018 |
| Πρώτα υποβλήθηκε: | 08/12/2018 |
| Υποβλήθηκε εκτιμώμενη εγγραφή: | 08/12/2018 |
| Δημοσιεύτηκε για πρώτη φορά: | 08/14/2018 |
| Υποβλήθηκε τελευταία ενημέρωση: | 08/14/2018 |
| Δημοσιεύτηκε η τελευταία ενημέρωση: | 08/15/2018 |
| Ημερομηνία έναρξης της πραγματικής μελέτης: | 01/09/2017 |
| Εκτιμώμενη κύρια ημερομηνία ολοκλήρωσης: | 01/09/2018 |
| Εκτιμώμενη ημερομηνία ολοκλήρωσης μελέτης: | 04/09/2018 |
Κατάσταση ή ασθένεια
Φάση
Ομάδες βραχιόνων
| Μπράτσο | Παρέμβαση / θεραπεία |
|---|---|
| Healthy individuals Gingival biopsies of healthy individuals who were never-smokers and had no systemic or oral disease or condition. | |
| periodontitis patients Gingival biopsies of periodontitis patients who were never-smokers and had no systemic disease or condition. | |
| Healthy smokers Gingival biopsies of healthy individuals who were smokers but no systemic or oral disease or condition. | |
| Smokers with periodontitis Gingival biopsies of periodontitis patients who were smokers but no systemic disease or condition. |
Κριτήρια καταλληλότητας
| Επιλέξιμες ηλικίες για μελέτη | 30 Years Προς την 30 Years |
| Φύλα επιλέξιμα για μελέτη | All |
| Μέθοδος δειγματοληψίας | Probability Sample |
| Δέχεται υγιείς εθελοντές | Ναί |
| Κριτήρια | Inclusion Criteria: - Age range from 30 to 45, - the existence of at least 20 functioning teeth, - systemical health, - no antibiotic use within 6 months, - no periodontal therapy within 6 months, - no pregnancy or lactation, - no drug use, in addition; for the smokers existence of the smoking condition for at least five years. Exclusion Criteria: - Patients younger than 30 older than 50 years old, - the absence of occlusion, - drug use, - pregnancy/lactation, - previous antibiotic use, - previous periodontal therapy, - the existence of any systemical disease. |
Αποτέλεσμα
Πρωτεύοντα αποτελέσματα
1. Fibroblast and total inflammatory cell counts [Biopsies were obtained a day after initial examinations, histological analysis were performed 2 weeks after.]
Δευτερεύοντα αποτελέσματα
1. Apoptotic markers [Biopsies were obtained a day after initial examinations, histological analysis were performed 2 weeks after]
2. Hypoxia and tissue destruction markers [Biopsies were obtained a day after initial examinations, histological analysis were performed 2 weeks after]
