4 hydroxyphenylacetic acid/φλεγμονή

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4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid attenuated inflammation and edema via suppressing HIF-1α in seawater aspiration-induced lung injury in rats.

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4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (4-HPA) is an active component of Chinese herb Aster tataricus which had been widely used in China for the treatment of pulmonary diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of 4-HPA on seawater aspiration-induced lung injury. Pulmonary inflammation and

Inhibition of inflammatory species by titanium surfaces.

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Titanium has been used successfully for decades in orthopaedic and dental implants, but the mechanism mediating its biocompatible properties has not been elucidated. The authors investigated the possible role of titanium in modulating reactive oxygen mediators typically produced during the

Formation of nitric oxide-derived inflammatory oxidants by myeloperoxidase in neutrophils.

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Nitric oxide (.NO) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of diverse inflammatory and infectious disorders. The toxicity of .NO is thought to be engendered, in part, by its reaction with superoxide (O2.-), yielding the potent oxidant peroxynitrite (ONOO-). However, evidence for a role of ONOO- in

[Serum metabolome by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in patients with ulcerative colitis and celiac disease].

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Metabolomics is the emerging science of measurement and analysis of metabolome--the complete set of low molecular weight compounds in a cell, tissue, organ or whole organism. One of the aims of metabolomics is to research the response of an organism to a pathophysiological insult by measuring the

Mercaptoethylguanidine and guanidine inhibitors of nitric-oxide synthase react with peroxynitrite and protect against peroxynitrite-induced oxidative damage.

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Nitric oxide (NO) produced by the inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) is responsible for some of the pathophysiological alterations during inflammation. Part of NO-related cytotoxicity is mediated by peroxynitrite, an oxidant species produced from NO and superoxide. Aminoguanidine and

The metabolism and de-bromination of bromotyrosine in vivo.

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During inflammation, leukocyte-derived eosinophil peroxidase catalyses the formation of hypobromous acid, which can brominate tyrosine residues in proteins to form bromotyrosine. Since eosinophils are involved in the pathogenesis of allergic reactions, such as asthma, urinary bromotyrosine level has

An automatic on-line 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-high performance liquid chromatography method for high-throughput screening of antioxidants from natural products.

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Many natural products are rich in antioxidants which play an important role in preventing or postponing a variety of diseases, such as cardiovascular and inflammatory disease, diabetes as well as breast cancer. In this paper, an automatic on-line 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-high performance liquid

Formation of nitrating and chlorinating species by reaction of nitrite with hypochlorous acid. A novel mechanism for nitric oxide-mediated protein modification.

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Detection of 3-nitrotyrosine has served as an in vivo marker for the production of the cytotoxic species peroxynitrite (ONOO-). We show here that reaction of nitrite (NO2-), the autoxidation product of nitric oxide (.NO), with hypochlorous acid (HOCl) forms reactive intermediate species that are

The metabolism and dechlorination of chlorotyrosine in vivo.

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During inflammation, neutrophil- and monocyte-derived myeloperoxidase catalyzes the formation of hypochlorous acid, which can chlorinate tyrosine residues in proteins to form chlorotyrosine. However, little is known of the metabolism and disposition of chlorotyrosine in vivo. Following infusion of

Formation of reactive nitrogen species during peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of nitrite. A potential additional mechanism of nitric oxide-dependent toxicity.

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Involvement of peroxynitrite (ONOO-) in inflammatory diseases has been implicated by detection of 3-nitrotyrosine, an allegedly characteristic protein oxidation product, in various inflamed tissues. We show here that nitrite (NO2-), the primary metabolic end product of nitric oxide (NO.), can be

Hypobromous acid and bromamine production by neutrophils and modulation by superoxide.

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MPO (myeloperoxidase) catalyses the oxidation of chloride, bromide and thiocyanate to their respective hypohalous acids. We have investigated the generation of HOBr by human neutrophils in the presence of physiological concentrations of chloride and bromide. HOBr was trapped with taurine and

Reactive oxygen species inhibited by titanium oxide coatings.

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Titanium is a successful biomaterial that possesses good biocompatibility. It is covered by a surface layer of titanium dioxide, and this oxide may play a critical role in inhibiting reactive oxygen species, such as peroxynitrite, produced during the inflammatory response. In the present study,

Metabolomic signature of exposure and response to citalopram/escitalopram in depressed outpatients.

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Metabolomics provides valuable tools for the study of drug effects, unraveling the mechanism of action and variation in response due to treatment. In this study we used electrochemistry-based targeted metabolomics to gain insights into the mechanisms of action of escitalopram/citalopram focusing on

Antibiotic Treatment Preventing Necrotising Enterocolitis Alters Urinary and Plasma Metabolomes in Preterm Pigs.

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Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious gut inflammatory condition in premature neonates, onset and development of which depend on the gut microbiome. Attenuation of the gut microbiome by antibiotics can reduce NEC incidence and severity. However, how the antibiotics-suppressed gut microbiome

Dietary intakes and food sources of phenolic acids in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study.

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Phenolic acids are secondary plant metabolites that may have protective effects against oxidative stress, inflammation and cancer in experimental studies. To date, limited data exist on the quantitative intake of phenolic acids. We estimated the intake of phenolic acids and their food sources and

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