The mycotoxin citrinin (CTN), a frequent natural contaminants of certain food and feeds, is known to be cytotoxic and genotoxic to various mammalian cells. To investigate the death mode of cells exposed to CTN, human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells were chosen to identify the apoptotic process
Based on the DNA fragmentation profile in gel electrophoresis and the morphological changes in electron microscopy, the induction of apoptotic nuclear changes by mycotoxins and other microbial products, in total 31 chemicals, was investigated in HL-60 human promyelotic leukemia cells, along with the