synucleinopathies/protease

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Ubiquitin specific protease-13 independently regulates parkin ubiquitination and alpha-synuclein clearance in alpha-synucleinopathies.

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Ubiquitin specific proteases (USPs) are de-ubiquitinases that control protein ubiquitination cycle. The role of de-ubiquitinases is poorly understood in neurodegenerative diseases. We found that USP13 is overexpressed in post-mortem Parkinson's disease (PD) brain. We investigated whether changes in

Alpha-synuclein degradation by serine protease neurosin: implication for pathogenesis of synucleinopathies.

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Accumulation of insoluble alpha-synuclein aggregates in the brain is characteristic of Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy. Although numerous studies on the aggregation properties of alpha-synuclein have been reported, little is known about its degradation so

P2-substituted N-acylprolylpyrrolidine inhibitors of prolyl oligopeptidase: biochemical evaluation, binding mode determination, and assessment in a cellular model of synucleinopathy.

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We have investigated the effect of regiospecifically introducing substituents in the P2 part of the typical dipeptide derived basic structure of PREP inhibitors. This hitherto unexplored modification type can be used to improve target affinity, selectivity, and physicochemical parameters in drug

Accumulation of HtrA2/Omi in neuronal and glial inclusions in brains with alpha-synucleinopathies.

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HtrA2/Omi is a mitochondrial serine protease that is released into the cytosol and promotes apoptotic processes by binding to several members of the inhibitors of apoptosis protein family. HtrA2/Omi knockout mice show a parkinsonian phenotype, and mutations in the gene encoding HtrA2/Omi have been

Alpha-synuclein suppresses mitochondrial protease ClpP to trigger mitochondrial oxidative damage and neurotoxicity.

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Both α-Synuclein (αSyn) accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction have been implicated in the pathology of Parkinson's disease (PD). Although studies suggest that αSyn and its missense mutant, A53T, preferentially accumulate in the mitochondria, the mechanisms by which αSyn and mitochondrial

Reducing C-terminal truncation mitigates synucleinopathy and neurodegeneration in a transgenic model of multiple system atrophy.

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Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a sporadic orphan neurodegenerative disorder. No treatment is currently available to slow down the aggressive neurodegenerative process, and patients die within a few years after disease onset. The cytopathological hallmark of MSA is the accumulation of

Low CSF levels of both α-synuclein and the α-synuclein cleaving enzyme neurosin in patients with synucleinopathy.

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Neurosin is a protease that in vitro degrades α-synuclein, the main constituent of Lewy bodies found in brains of patients with synucleinopathy including Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Several studies have reported reduced cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of

Inhibitors of alpha-synuclein oligomerization and toxicity: a future therapeutic strategy for Parkinson's disease and related disorders.

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An abundance of genetic, histopathological, and biochemical evidence has implicated the neuronal protein, alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn) as a key player in the development of several neurodegenerative diseases, the so-called synucleinopathies, of which Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most prevalent.

Oxidative stress-induced phosphorylation, degradation and aggregation of alpha-synuclein are linked to upregulated CK2 and cathepsin D.

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Intracellular accumulation of alpha-synuclein (alpha-Syn) as filamentous aggregates is a pathological feature shared by Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy, referred to as synucleinopathies. To understand the mechanisms underlying alpha-Syn aggregation, we

Calpain-cleavage of alpha-synuclein: connecting proteolytic processing to disease-linked aggregation.

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Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are both characterized pathologically by the presence of neuronal inclusions termed Lewy bodies (LBs). A common feature found in LBs are aggregates of alpha-synuclein (alpha-Syn), and although it is now recognized that alpha-Syn is the

Oxidative modifications of alpha-synuclein.

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Hallmark lesions of neurodegenerative synucleinopathies contain alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn) that is modified by nitration of tyrosine residues and possibly by dityrosine cross-linking to generated stable oligomers. Data gathered from in vitro experiments and from model systems of cells transfected

Over-expression of an inactive mutant cathepsin D increases endogenous alpha-synuclein and cathepsin B activity in SH-SY5Y cells.

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Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative movement disorder. The histopathology of Parkinson's disease comprises proteinaceous inclusions known as Lewy bodies, which contains aggregated α-synuclein. Cathepsin D (CD) is a lysosomal protease previously demonstrated to cleave α-synuclein and decrease

Biochemical and morphological classification of disease-associated alpha-synuclein mutants aggregates.

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Alpha-synuclein (a-syn) aggregation in brain is implicated in several synucleinopathies, including Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Until date, at least six disease-associated mutations in a-syn (namely A30P, E46K, H50Q, G51D, A53T, and

Increased alpha-synuclein aggregation following limited cleavage by certain matrix metalloproteinases.

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Recent evidence indicates that protein aggregation and in particular the formation of toxic protein oligomers is a key mechanism in synucleinopathies such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Post mortem brain tissue studies as well as animal studies furthermore suggest that matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)

Cathepsin D expression level affects alpha-synuclein processing, aggregation, and toxicity in vivo.

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BACKGROUND Elevated SNCA gene expression and intracellular accumulation of the encoded alpha-synuclein (aSyn) protein are associated with the development of Parkinson disease (PD). To date, few enzymes have been examined for their ability to degrade aSyn. Here, we explore the effects of CTSD gene

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