Gastric AA amyloidosis secondary to chronic infection presenting with hematemesis: a case report

AA amyloidosis, previously known as secondary amyloidosis, has been associated with multiple chronic inflammatory conditions, including various autoimmune diseases and rarely chronic infection. Hereby, we present a case of AA amyloidosis secondary to chronic infection which initially presented with nausea and hematemesis. Endoscopic biopsies revealed diffuse AA amyloid deposition in the stomach, but not the esophagus. AA Amyloidosis presumably compromised gastric motility, promoted reflux related esophageal ulcers and erosions, and caused his cardiac and renal insufficiency. Therefore, endoscopic biopsies could be practical investigation to identify AA amyloidosis in the setting of chronic inflammatory diseases, especially with multi-organ involvement.

Keywords: AA amyloidosis; Chronic infection; GI amyloidosis; Hematemesis.