Herba Ephedrae-Radix Aconiti Lateralis, composed of Ephedrae (Mahuang in Chinese) and Radix Aconiti Lateralis (Fuzi in Chinese), is a classical herbal combination proven to be effective in treating common cold, asthma, and rheumatoid arthritis. Alkaloids, bioactive components of the herbal extract,
The methanol extracts of Aconitum roots have shown inhibition of increased vascular permeability induced by acetic acid and of hind paw edema produced by carrageenin in mice. The extract of A. carmichaeli has been fractionated, monitored by the capillary permeability test, to yield the aconitines as
Aconitum, widely used to treat rheumatoid arthritis for thousands of years, is a toxic herb that can frequently cause fatal cardiac poisoning. Aconitum toxicity could be decreased by properly hydrolyzing diester-diterpene alkaloids into monoester-diterpene alkaloids. Monoester-diterpene alkaloids,
Three new C19-norditerpenoid alkaloids (1⁻3), along with two known C19-norditerpenoid alkaloids (4,5), have been isolated from Aconitum szechenyianum. Based on extensive spectroscopic techniques (1D, 2D-NMR, IR, and MS) and chemical methods, their structures were established as szechenyianine D (1),
BACKGROUND
Aconitum alkaloids from Aconitum species are often used to treat arthritis and rheumatic diseases but have the drawback of high toxicity. Identifying their pharmacokinetic behaviour is important for the safe clinical application of Aconitum species. Efflux transporters (ETs), including
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