carnosine/atrophy

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Histidine and carnosine delay diabetic deterioration in mice and protect human low density lipoprotein against oxidation and glycation.

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In vivo effects of histidine and carnosine against diabetic deterioration in diabetic Balb/cA mice were studied. Histidine and carnosine at 0.5, 1 g/l were added into drinking water. After 4 weeks intake of these agents, the content of histidine and carnosine in plasma, heart and liver significantly

A Plasma Metabolomic Profiling of Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration Showing Carnosine and Mitochondrial Deficiencies.

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To determine the plasma metabolomic profile of exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD), we performed a targeted metabolomics study on the plasma from patients (n = 40, mean age = 81.1) compared to an age- and sex-matched control group (n = 40, mean age = 81.8). All included

Antioxidant activity of carnosine in cooked ground pork.

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Carnosine (0·5-1·5%) reduced (P < 0·05) the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in cooked unsalted ground pork after 7 days of storage at 4°C. The antioxidant activity of carnosine was less in cooked salted ground pork, with only 1·5% carnosine inhibiting (P < 0·05) TBARS

N-acetylcarnosine lubricant eyedrops possess all-in-one universal antioxidant protective effects of L-carnosine in aqueous and lipid membrane environments, aldehyde scavenging, and transglycation activities inherent to cataracts: a clinical study of the new vision-saving drug N-acetylcarnosine eyedrop therapy in a database population of over 50,500 patients.

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The antioxidant activity of L-carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine, bioactivated in ocular tissues) versus N-acetylcarnosine (N-acetyl-beta-alanyl-L-histidine, ocular-targeted small dipeptide molecules) was studied in aqueous solution and in a lipid environment, employing liposomes as a model of lipid

Structural and functional properties, chaperone activity and posttranslational modifications of alpha-crystallin and its related subunits in the crystalline lens: N-acetylcarnosine, carnosine and carcinine act as alpha- crystallin/small heat shock protein enhancers in prevention and dissolution of cataract in ocular drug delivery formulations of novel therapeutic agents.

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Cataract is a leading cause of blindness worldwide and is responsible for ∼40-80% of the estimated 45 million cases of blindness that occur across the globe. In addition to providing refractive properties to the lens for focusing the image, it is believed that the molecular chaperone function of

Antioxidant activity of L-carnosine, a natural histidine-containing dipeptide in crystalline lens.

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Lipid peroxidation was shown to be an initiatory cause of cataract development in some cases. It has been established that injection into the vitreous body of the rabbit eye of a suspension of liposomes prepared from phospholipids containing lipid peroxidation products induces the development of

Bioactivation antioxidant and transglycating properties of N-acetylcarnosine autoinduction prodrug of a dipeptide L-carnosine in mucoadhesive drug delivery eye-drop formulation: powerful eye health application technique and therapeutic platform.

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A considerable interest in N-acetylcarnosine ocular drug design for eye health is based on clinical strategies to improve ocular drug delivery through metabolic enzymatic activation. Human biology aspects of ocular N-acetylcarnosine deacetylation during its pass through the cornea to the aqueous

N alpha-acetylcarnosine is a prodrug of L-carnosine in ophthalmic application as antioxidant.

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The naturally occurring compound N alpha-acetylcarnosine (NAC) is proposed as the prodrug of L-carnosine (C) resistant to enzymatic hydrolysis by human serum carnosinase. Rabbit eyes were treated with 1% NAC, C or placebo and extracts of the aqueous humor from the anterior eye chamber were analyzed

Advanced drug delivery of N-acetylcarnosine (N-acetyl-beta-alanyl-L-histidine), carcinine (beta-alanylhistamine) and L-carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) in targeting peptide compounds as pharmacological chaperones for use in tissue engineering, human disease management and therapy: from in vitro to the clinic.

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A pharmacological chaperone is a relatively new concept in the treatment of certain chronic disabling diseases. Cells maintain a complete set of functionally competent proteins normally and in the face of injury or environmental stress with the use of various mechanisms, including systems of

Carnosine Mitigates Manganese Mitotoxicity in an In Vitro Model of Isolated Brain Mitochondria.

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Purpose: Manganese (Mn) is a neurotoxic chemical which induces a wide range of complications in the brain tissue. Impaired locomotor activity and cognitive dysfunction are associated with high brain Mn content. At the cellular level, mitochondria are potential targets for Mn toxicity.

The hepatoprotective effect of carnosine against ischemia/reperfusion liver injury in rats.

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The potential protective effect of the natural antioxidant, carnosine was evaluated against ischemia/reperfusion liver injury in rats. Ischemia was induced by clamping the pedicle supplying the left hepatic lobe for 60 min followed by reperfusion for 2 h. Untreated rats exposed to

Carnosine exerts neuroprotective effect against 6-hydroxydopamine toxicity in hemiparkinsonian rat.

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common disorder of the central nervous system due to the degeneration of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons. Current treatments for PD have a symptomatic relief strategy with no prevention of disease progression. Due to the neuroprotective and

Effect of carnosine on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity.

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BACKGROUND Gentamicin (GM) is an antibiotic whose clinical use is limited by its nephrotoxicity. Thus the present study was undertaken to investigate if carnosine, an antioxidant, could protect the kidney in this experimental model. METHODS The animals were divided into seven groups each of 10

Carnosine improves functional recovery and structural regeneration after sciatic nerve crush injury in rats.

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OBJECTIVE Peripheral nerve injury represents a substantial clinical problem with insufficient or unsatisfactory treatment options. Current researches have extensively focused on the new approaches for the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries. Carnosine is a naturally occurring pleotropic dipeptide

Can cognitive deterioration associated with Down syndrome be reduced?

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Individuals with Down syndrome have signs of possible brain damage prior to birth. In addition to slowed and reduced mental development, they are much more likely to have cognitive deterioration and develop dementia at an earlier age than individuals without Down syndrome. Some of the cognitive

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