Pain is a very common complaint in the emergency department (ED). The use of opioids to treat moderate to severe pain has increased over the last decade as well as the number of opioid related deaths. In 1999 to 2016, more than 630,000 people died from a drug overdose. Treatment for acute pain has
Concussion Syndrome (CS) and TBI are common injuries producing temporary and long-term damage to impact brain function. Symptoms are sometimes transient, sometimes long-term depending on severity and/or repetitive damage. Signs varying from recurrent headaches, mental fog, emotional changes to
This randomized, double blinded, placebo controlled study investigates the use of low-dose ketamine, in conjunction to standard opiate treatment, as compared to placebo plus standard opiate treatment, for acute painful conditions in the ED setting. The investigators hypothesize that patients treated
1.0 Background
While atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia requiring therapy, it is also associated with increased risk of stroke, heart failure, myocardial infarction, dementia, and death. The number of Americans affected with AF is expected to surge to nearly 16
The craniospinal cavity is enclosed by a rigid, non-compressible bone and thus has a constant volume. It is filled with soft tissue (brain, spinal cord and connective tissue), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and circulating blood. Intracranial pressure (ICP) is the pressure of the fluid that bathes the
The anticonvulsants carbamazepine (CBZ) and valproate (VPA) have efficacy in the treatment of mood disorders, suggesting that other anticonvulsants with related mechanisms of action may have similar utility. Additional treatments are sorely needed because many patients with recurrent affective
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