Acute epiglottitis, a potentially fatal disease, may be difficult to diagnose if the presentation is atypical. We present three such patients who were initially diagnosed as acute laryngotracheitis. They deteriorated rapidly after administration of racemic epinephrine via nebulizer. We caution that:
OBJECTIVE: To present current concepts on diagnosis and treatment of upper airway obstruction, mainly related to differential diagnosis between acute viral laryngotracheobronchitis and epiglottitis.METHODS: Bibliographic review covering the last ten years, using both Medline system and direct
Acute adult epiglottitis is a potentially life threatening infectious and respiratory emergency as it may result in airway obstruction. Endotracheal intubation, if needed, is a highly risky option in this situation and responsible for important morbidity and mortality rate. The option of a
The exact diagnosis of pharyngitis remains a problem despite the advent of rapid streptococcal screening. An apparent resurgence of rheumatic fever outbreaks makes it more important to attempt to accurately diagnose pharyngitis. Positive identification of streptococci should be followed by treatment
Epiglottitis can be a rapidly fatal condition in adults. Important clues that should raise clinical suspicion include the tripod sign, fever, stridor, sore throat, odynophagia, shortness of breath, and drooling. These features must be differentiated from those associated with common viral
Because of our experience, as anesthesiologists, in the treatment of upper airway obstructions, we have been asked to see children with epiglottitis. Over a 5-year period, we have treated 28 such cases. Our hope that IPPB and nebulized racemic epinephrine would quickly relieve the obstruction, as it
Acute epiglottitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) is seldom described in Chile. To reinforce the need to take this severe entity into account in the differential diagnosis of acute upper respiratory tract obstructions, the case of a 9 month old girl is described, who's symptoms were
Hereditary angioedema is a disorder characterized by decreased levels or function of complement C1 esterase inhibitor. Symptoms in children generally consist of recurrent episodes of soft tissue swelling. On rare occasion, it can cause airway edema which may lead to airway obstruction. A case is
Recent advances in pediatric airway intubation and the introduction of pharmacotherapeutic agents, active within the larynx and tracheobronchial tree, have created significant controversies in the treatment of acute obstructive inflammatory laryngeal disease. Although the etiology, pathophysiology,
BACKGROUND
Croup leads to signs of upper airway obstruction, and must be differentiated from acute epiglottitis, bacterial tracheitis, or an inhaled foreign body. Croup affects about 3% of children a year, usually between the ages of 6 months and 3 years, and 75% of infections are caused by
To determine pediatrician preparedness to manage emergencies, a nationally representative random sample of 1000 non-hospital-based pediatricians was surveyed about (1) types of emergencies encountered and methods of transport to an emergency facility, (2) availability and use of equipment and
Infectious diseases of the upper airway can lead to emergency situations with partial up to complete obstruction and respiratory insufficiency, especially in infants and toddlers. This necessitates a cool-headed and calm approach; however, at times a prompt intervention is required by the primary
The acute onset of stridor in a young child usually represents viral croup, particularly during the fall and early winter. If the clinical picture is entirely consistent with this diagnosis and gas exchange is maintained, management with cool mist at home is appropriate. Rapid deterioration is
Common causes of acute laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) are viral infections. More rarely, bacterial germs, unspecific irritants, foreign bodies, rachitic laryngospasm, mild malformation, tumours, C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency, bilateral vocal cord paralysis, and psychogenic laryngospasm may be
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