phyla/proline

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Dysbiosis of lower respiratory tract microbiome are associated with inflammation and microbial function variety.

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Lower respiratory tract (LRT) microbiome has been reported to associate with pulmonary diseases. Unregulated inflammation is an underlying cause of variable lung diseases. The lung microbiome may play an important role in the smoking-induced inflammatory lung diseases. What's more, the

Distribution of aminopeptidase P like immunoreactivity in the olfactory system and brain of frog, Microhyla ornate.

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The enzyme aminopeptidase P (AP-P) is encountered in diverse vertebrate and invertebrate phyla and is known to act on proteins and peptides by releasing their N-terminal amino acid when the penultimate amino acid is proline. The present study is the first attempt at visualizing distribution of this

Comparative genomics of DNA fragments from six Antarctic marine planktonic bacteria.

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Six environmental fosmid clones from Antarctic coastal water bacterioplankton were completely sequenced. The genome fragments harbored small-subunit rRNA genes that were between 85 and 91% similar to those of their nearest cultivated relatives. The six fragments span four phyla, including the

Molecular cloning and characterization of calreticulin from rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss).

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Calreticulin (CRT) is a highly conserved, high-capacity, calcium-binding protein shared among vertebrates, invertebrates and higher plants. Its biological importance, highlighted by its highly conserved nature, is supported by its crucial physiological and immunological functions. Within the

Insect peptide metchnikowin confers on barley a selective capacity for resistance to fungal ascomycetes pathogens.

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The potential of metchnikowin, a 26-amino acid residue proline-rich antimicrobial peptide synthesized in the fat body of Drosophila melanogaster was explored to engineer disease resistance in barley against devastating fungal plant pathogens. The synthetic peptide caused strong in vitro growth

Nuclear Pore Complex Components in the Malaria Parasite Plasmodium berghei.

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The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is a large macromolecular assembly of around 30 different proteins, so-called nucleoporins (Nups). Embedded in the nuclear envelope the NPC mediates bi-directional exchange between the cytoplasm and the nucleus and plays a role in transcriptional regulation that is

Functional genomics of gam56: characterisation of the role of a 56 kilodalton sexual stage antigen in oocyst wall formation in Eimeria maxima.

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Gam56 (M(r) 56,000) is an antigen found in the sexual (macrogametocyte) stage of the intestinal parasite Eimeria maxima that is implicated in protective immunity. The gene (gam56) encoding this protein was cloned and sequenced. It is a single-copy, intronless gene, that localises to a 1,754 bp

A missense mutation in ALDH18A1, encoding Delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase (P5CS), causes an autosomal recessive neurocutaneous syndrome.

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There are several rare syndromes combining wrinkled, redundant skin and neurological abnormalities. Although phenotypic overlap between conditions has suggested that some might be allelic to one another, the aetiology for many of them remains unknown. A consanguineous New Zealand Maori family has

Differences in airway microbiome and metabolome of single lung transplant recipients.

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Recent studies suggest that alterations in lung microbiome are associated with occurrence of chronic lung diseases and transplant rejection. To investigate the host-microbiome interactions, we characterized the airway microbiome and metabolome of the allograft (transplanted lung) and

Why do eukaryotic proteins contain more intrinsically disordered regions?

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Intrinsic disorder is more abundant in eukaryotic than prokaryotic proteins. Methods predicting intrinsic disorder are based on the amino acid sequence of a protein. Therefore, there must exist an underlying difference in the sequences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic proteins causing the

Different Reaction Specificities of F420H2-Dependent Reductases Facilitate Pyrrolobenzodiazepines and Lincomycin to Fit Their Biological Targets.

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Lincosamide antibiotics, antitumor pyrrolobenzodiazepines (PBDs), quorum-sensing molecule hormaomycin, and antimicrobial griselimycin are structurally and functionally diverse groups of actinobacterial metabolites. The common feature of these metabolites is the incorporation of L-tyrosine- or

Amino acid metabolism in helminths.

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Amino acids are major constituents of biological material. Chemically they are extremely stable and combine a relatively simple molecular structure with a wide range of properties and functions. In general, amino acid metabolism in helminths has been relatively neglected and the information

Dynamic Alterations in Yak Rumen Bacteria Community and Metabolome Characteristics in Response to Feed Type.

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Current knowledge about the relationships between ruminal bacterial communities and metabolite profiles in the yak rumen is limited. This is due to differences in the nutritional and metabolic features between yak and other ordinary cattle combined with difficulties associated with farm-based

Dietary Exposure to the Environmental Chemical, PFOS on the Diversity of Gut Microbiota, Associated With the Development of Metabolic Syndrome.

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The gut microbiome is a dynamic ecosystem formed by thousands of diverse bacterial species. This bacterial diversity is acquired early in life and shaped over time by a combination of multiple factors, including dietary exposure to distinct nutrients and xenobiotics. Alterations of the gut

Unusual Metabolism and Hypervariation in the Genome of a Gracilibacterium (BD1-5) from an Oil-Degrading Community.

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The candidate phyla radiation (CPR) comprises a large monophyletic group of bacterial lineages known almost exclusively based on genomes obtained using cultivation-independent methods. Within the CPR, Gracilibacteria (BD1-5) are particularly poorly understood due to undersampling and the

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