rauwolscine/hypoxia

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Inhibition of arteriole alpha 2- but not alpha 1-adrenoceptor constriction by acidosis and hypoxia in vitro.

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We have found that hypoxia and acidosis inhibit constriction by alpha 2D-adrenoceptors but not by alpha 1D-adrenoceptors on arterioles of rat skeletal muscle, facilitating local metabolic control of blood flow. When activated by full agonists like norepinephrine, this alpha 2D-constriction relies on

Differential sensitivity of venular and arteriolar alpha-adrenergic receptor constriction to inhibition by hypoxia. Role of receptor subtype and coupling heterogeneity.

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Reflex adrenergic constriction of the venous circulation is considerably less sensitive than the arterial circulation to local metabolic inhibition, but the basis for this difference remains unclear. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether alpha-adrenergic receptor (AR)

Alpha 2-adrenergic agonists reduce glutamate release and glutamate receptor-mediated calcium changes in hippocampal slices during hypoxia.

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The mechanisms by which alpha 2-adrenergic agonists reduce ischemic brain damage are not clear. In ischemia-vulnerable hippocampal neurons we tested whether alpha 2-agonists reduce glutamate efflux and glutamate receptor-mediated increase of cytosolic free calcium. Brain slices (300 microns thick)

Chronic hypobaric hypoxia induces tolerance to acute hypoxia and up-regulation in alpha-2 adrenoceptor in rat locus coeruleus.

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Hypoxia preconditioning has been shown to produce tolerance against brain injuries. The hypothesis of this study is that chronic hypobaric hypoxia may also induce acute hypoxia tolerance. We used intracellular recording in slices from rats exposed to chronic hypobaric hypoxia (exposed) and control

Effects of chronic systemic hypoxia on contraction evoked by noradrenaline in the rat iliac artery.

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Comparisons were made between responses evoked by noradrenaline (NA) in iliac artery rings from normoxic (N) rats and chronically hypoxic (CH) rats kept in 12 % O(2) for 3-4 weeks. At P(O(2)) of 100 mmHg, cumulative concentration-response curves (CCRC) to NA were greatly depressed in

Influences of the endothelium and hypoxia on neurogenic transmission in the isolated pulmonary artery of the rabbit.

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1. The effects of nitric oxide (10(-6) M), N omega-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME, 10(-4) M, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase), endothelium removal, hypoxia and selective alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists on responses to nerve electrical field-stimulation (EFS) were studied in the rabbit

Influences of the endothelium and hypoxia on alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptor-mediated responses in the rabbit isolated pulmonary artery.

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1. The effects of the inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, N omega-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME, 10(-4) M), mechanical disruption of the endothelium and hypoxia on contraction to noradrenaline (alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist), phenylephrine (alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist) and UK

Presynaptic inhibitory receptors mediate the depression of synaptic transmission upon hypoxia in rat hippocampal slices.

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Hypoxia markedly depresses synaptic transmission in hippocampal slices of the rat. This depression is attributed to presynaptic inhibition of glutamate release and is largely mediated by adenosine released during hypoxia acting through presynaptic adenosine A(1) receptors. Paired pulse facilitation

Effects of isoprenaline, adrenaline and selective alpha 1- and alpha 2- adrenoceptor stimulation on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in rat isolated perfused lungs.

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In the rat pulmonary vasculature perfused with blood in situ vasoconstriction induced by hypoxia was reversed by isoprenaline (doses greater than 1 ng) and adrenaline (doses greater than 30 ng) and exacerbated by phenylephrine but not UK 14304. Doses of adrenaline less than 30 ng had no effect,

Effect of an adenosine A(1) receptor agonist and a novel pyrimidoindole on membrane properties and neurotransmitter release in rat cortical and hippocampal neurons.

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Activation of adenosine A(1) receptors by endogenous adenosine plays a neuroprotective role under various pathophysiological conditions including hypoxia. Intracellular recordings were made in rat pyramidal cells of the somatosensory cortex. Hypoxia (5 min) induced a membrane depolarization and a

Hypoxic changes in rat locus coeruleus neurons in vitro.

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1. Intracellular recordings were made in a pontine slice preparation of the rat brain containing the nucleus locus coeruleus (LC). Locus coeruleus neurons responded to brief hypoxic stimuli (replacement of 95% O2-5% CO2 with 95% N2-5% CO2) with hyperpolarization and a cessation of spontaneous action

Prehypoxic clonidine administration improves vasomotricity of isolated rat aorta during reoxygenation.

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OBJECTIVE Clonidine, an alpha-2 adrenoceptor (A2A) agonist, improves posthypoxic function of several organs in humans and animal models. Mechanisms underlying these effects are not fully understood. A competent vasomotricity during reperfusion participates in the organ's recovery. This study

Effects of prolonged high-altitude exposure on peripheral adrenergic receptors in young healthy volunteers.

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The regulation of adrenergic receptors during hypoxia is complex, and the results of published reports have not been consistent. In the present study blood cell adrenoceptor characteristics at sea level (SL) before and after prolonged exposure to high altitude (HA) were measured in seven trained

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