Aesculin (AES), a coumarin compound derived from Aesculus hippocasanum L, is reported to exert protective role against inflammatory diseases, gastric disease and cancer. However, direct effect of AES in bone metabolism is deficient. In this study, we examined the effects of AES on osteoclast (OC)
To investigate the pharmacological mechanism of the traditional Chinese medicine, Pulsatilla decoction (PD), the levels of nitric oxide (NO), endothelin-1 (ET-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) secreted by cultured rat intestinal microvascular