benzoylecgonine/ataque epiléptico

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Seizures induced by the cocaine metabolite benzoylecgonine in rats.

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The half-life (t1/2) of cocaine is relatively short, but some of the consequences of its use, such as seizures and strokes, can occur hours after exposure. This led us to hypothesize that a metabolite of cocaine may be responsible for some of those delayed sequelae. We evaluated the potential of the

Influence of infused catecholamines on the pharmacokinetics of cocaine and benzoylecgonine formation after bolus dose or continuous cocaine administration in the rat.

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether a catecholamine infusion administered to simulate a stress state could alter the pharmacokinetics of administered cocaine and effect the formation of benzoylecgonine, its major metabolite, in the rat. In a previous investigation we determined that

Effects of benzoylecgonine on the behavior of suckling rats: a preliminary report.

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A major metabolite of cocaine, benzoylecgonine, causes behavioral activation that progresses to seizures when given intraventricularly to 2-week-old rats. The seizures are characterized by running, hopping, and vocalizing and are mixed with shorter-duration tonic episodes. Pretreatment with

Screening for stimulant use in adult emergency department seizure patients.

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OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of positive plasma drug screening for cocaine or amphetamine in adult emergency department seizure patients. METHODS This prospective study evaluated consecutive eligible seizure patients who had a plasma sample collected as part

Identification of different forms of cocaine and substances used in adulteration using near-infrared Raman spectroscopy and infrared absorption spectroscopy.

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Identification of cocaine and subsequent quantification immediately after seizure are problems for the police in developing countries such as Brazil. This work proposes a comparison between the Raman and FT-IR techniques as methods to identify cocaine, the adulterants used to increase volume, and

Aminorex associated with possible idiopathic pulmonary hypertension in a cocaine user.

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The conversion of levamisole to aminorex in horses was first described in 2009 and, for the first time, confirmed in humans two years later by our laboratory. Aminorex and levamisole interfere with serotonin metabolism and both are proven cause of potentially fatal idiopathic pulmonary hypertension

A comparison of trends in wastewater-based data and traditional epidemiological indicators of stimulant consumption in three locations.

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To compare long-term trends in wastewater data with other indicators of stimulant use in three locations and to test the reliability of estimates based on one week of sampling.Comparison of trends in quantities ('loads') of stimulants or their metabolites

Cocaine profiling for strategic intelligence purposes, a cross-border project between France and Switzerland. Part I. Optimisation and harmonisation of the profiling method.

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Optimisation and harmonisation of analytical and statistical methodology have been carried out between two forensic laboratories (Lausanne, CH and Lyon, F) in order to provide drug intelligence for cross-border cocaine seizures. The aim was to improve the gas chromatographic analysis of cocaine

Effect of cocaine metabolites on behavior: possible neuroendocrine mechanisms.

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The predominant cocaine metabolites were tested for central nervous system effects by intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration in rats. We found two types of responses: cocaine, norcocaine (NC), benzoylecgonine (BE), and benzoylnorecgonine (Nor BE) produced stimulatory effects, whereas ecgonine

Lethal toxicity from equimolar infusions of cocaine and cocaine metabolites in conscious and anesthetized rats.

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We compared the lethal toxicity of cocaine with that of three of its metabolites to determine the contribution of these metabolites to the lethal potential from cocaine infusion. Equimolar quantities of cocaine, norcocaine, benzoylecgonine, and ecgonine methyl ester were infused in conscious rats to

Butyrylcholinesterase: an enzyme antidote for cocaine intoxication.

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Cocaine-associated toxicity is the result of effects on the cardiovascular and central nervous systems. Since the primary route of cocaine inactivation is enzymatic degradation by butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), we sought to determine if the administration of purified human enzyme would ameliorate the

The anatomy of a cocaine comparison case: a prosecutorial and chemistry perspective.

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Methodology used for the comparative chemical analyses of two illicit cocaine seizures, and its application in a successful criminal prosecution, is described. A description of events leading to the arrest of the defendant and an overview of the jury trial are provided. Illicit cocaine, found in the

Ecgonine methyl ester protects against cocaine lethality in mice.

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BACKGROUND Plasma cholinesterase (PChE) metabolizes cocaine to ecgonine methyl ester (EME). Limited data demonstrate that EME is a mild vasodilator. Exogenous PChE protects against cocaine-induced seizures and lethality. It is unclear whether this protective effect results from enhanced degradation

Profiling of cocaine by micellar electrokinetic chromatography.

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The potential of micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) for the profiling of cocaine samples is described. An MEKC system containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and methanol was optimized using a test mixture of cocaine, its common impurities (benzoylecgonine, norcocaine, tropacocaine, and

Benzocaine-adultered street cocaine in association with methemoglobinemia.

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A 27-year-old man with a history of cocaine abuse ingested a large quantity of street cocaine in an apparent suicide attempt. Shortly thereafter, he developed tonic-clonic seizures and became cyanotic. An arterial blood gas sample, collected in the emergency department, appeared chocolate-brown and

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