Participants will be given 0.5% timolol ophthalmic solution to use after migraine onset. Participants will put 2 drops of solution in each eye after migraine and then again 2 hours later.

Participants will be given matching placebo (0.9% normal saline solution) to use after migraine onset. Participants will put 2 drops of solution in each eye after migraine and then again 2 hours later.

Participants were randomized to either Timolol/placebo group or placebo/Timolol group.
Migraine 1: Participants were given 0.5% timolol ophthalmic solution to use after migraine onset. They will put 2 drops of the solution in each eye after migraine onset and again 2 hours later if needed or headache persists.
Timolol: Timolol is a clear solution supplied in a plastic ophthalmic dispenser
There was no washout period.
Migraine 2: Participants were given matching placebo (0.9% normal saline solution) to use after migraine onset. They put 2 drops of solution in each eye after migraine onset and then again 2 hours later if needed or if headache persisted.
Placebo: Placebo is normal saline solution supplied in container matched to Timolol container.

Timolol Intervention (2 Hours), Followed by Placebo (2 Hours)

Participants were randomized to either Timolol/placebo group or placebo/Timolol group.
Migraine 1: Participants were given matching placebo (0.9% normal saline solution) to use after migraine onset. They put 2 drops of solution in each eye after migraine and then again 2 hours later if needed or if headache persisted.
Placebo: Placebo is normal saline solution supplied in container matched to Timolol container.
There was no washout period.
Migraine 2: Participants were given 0.5% timolol ophthalmic solution to use after migraine onset. They put 2 drops of solution in each eye after migraine and then again 2 hours later if needed or if headache persisted.
Timolol: Timolol is a clear solution supplied in a plastic ophthalmic dispenser.

Placebo (2 Hours), Followed by Timolol Intervention (2 Hours)

Total

Sex: Female, Male

Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)

Region of Enrollment

Measure of the change in severity using visual analogue pain scale ranging from 0-10 with zero being no pain and ten being worst pain. Scale will be completed after each migraine episode over course of participation in study, up to 8 weeks.

Participants given 0.5% timolol ophthalmic solution to use after migraine onset. Participants put 2 drops of solution in each eye after migraine and then again 2 hours later.
Timolol: Timolol is a clear solution supplied in a plastic ophthalmic dispenser.

All Participants Post Timolol

Participants given matching placebo (0.9% normal saline solution) to use after migraine onset. Participants put 2 drops of solution in each eye after migraine and then again 2 hours later.
Placebo: Placebo is normal saline solution supplied in container matched to Timolol container.

All Participants Post Placebo

Headache Severity

Measured by number of adverse events experienced by the participants from the intervention. Each adverse event was counted as one.

Participants given 0.5% timolol ophthalmic solution to use after migraine onset. Participants put 2 drops of solution in each eye after migraine and then again 2 hours later if needed or if headache persisted.
Timolol: Timolol is a clear solution supplied in a plastic ophthalmic dispenser.

Total Number of Adverse Events Post Timolol Intervention

Participants given matching placebo (0.9% normal saline solution) to use after migraine onset. Participants put 2 drops of solution in each eye after migraine and then again 2 hours later if needed or if headache persisted.
Placebo: Placebo is normal saline solution supplied in container matched to Timolol container.

Total Number of Adverse Events Post Placebo

Adverse Reaction From Using Timolol Eye Drops

Measured by patient-reported satisfaction questionnaire. Satisfaction level was looked at as "satisfactory and very satisfactory" compared to "neutral and unsatisfied".

Number of Participants Satisfied Post Timolol Intervention

Number of Participants Satisfied Post Placebo

Number of Participants Satisfied With Intervention

Timolol Intervention (2hours), no Washout, Placebo (2 Hours)

Participants were randomized to either Timolol/placebo group or placebo/Timolol group.
Migraine 1: Participants were given placebo (0.9% normal saline solution) to use after migraine onset. They put 2 drops of solution in each eye after migraine and then again 2 hours later if needed or if headache persisted.
Placebo: Placebo is normal saline solution supplied in container matched to Timolol container.
There was no washout period.
Migraine 2: Participants were given 0.5% timolol ophthalmic solution to use after migraine onset. They put 2 drops of solution in each eye after migraine onset and then again 2 hours later if needed or if headache persisted.
Timolol: Timolol is a clear solution supplied in a plastic ophthalmic dispenser.

Placebo (2 Hours), no Washout, Timolol (2 Hours)

Overall Study

Dr Dipika Aggarwal, Clinical Assistant Professor

Participants will be given 0.5% timolol ophthalmic solution to use after migraine onset. Participants will put 2 drops of solution in each eye after migraine and then again 2 hours later if needed or headache persists.
Timolol: Timolol is a clear solution supplied in a plastic ophthalmic dispenser.

Participants will be given matching placebo (0.9% normal saline solution) to use after migraine onset. Participants will put 2 drops of solution in each eye after migraine and then again 2 hours later if needed or headache persists.
Placebo: Placebo is normal saline solution that will be supplied in container matched to Timolol container.

Migraine

Timolol is a clear solution supplied in a plastic ophthalmic dispenser.

Timolol

Placebo is normal saline solution that will be supplied in container matched to Timolol container.

Placebo

University of Kansas Medical Center

A Randomized Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Timolol Ophthalmic Solution as an Acute Treatment of Migraine

A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Cross Over Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Timolol Ophthalmic Solution as an Acute Treatment of Migraine

Verapamil extended release oral tablets administered in a flexible dose format ranging from 120 mg to 360 mg daily, as determined by severity of headache and dizziness.

Sertraline oral tablets administered in a flexible dose format ranging from 25 mg to 150 mg daily depending on severity of headache and dizziness.

Vestibular Migraine

Chronic Subjective Dizziness

Verapamil

Sertraline

additional research information from Mayo Clinic

Mayo Clinic

Verapamil vs. Sertraline for Vestibular Migraine & Chronic Subjective Dizziness

Pharmacologic Dissection of Vestibular Migraine and Chronic Subjective Dizziness: A Double-Blind Parallel Group Trial Comparing Response to Verapamil Versus Sertraline

Daily ratings of headache will be evaluated at 2 week intervals for 12 weeks.

Daily ratings of dizziness/unsteadiness will be evaluated at 2 week intervals for 12 weeks.

Daily ratings of sensitivity to motion of self will be evaluated at 2 week intervals for 12 weeks.

Daily ratings of sensitivity to motion in the environment will be evaluated at 2 week intervals for 12 weeks.

Daily ratings of difficulty of performing precision visual tasks will be evaluated at 2 week intervals for 12 weeks.

Acute attacks will be assessed every 2 weeks for 12 weeks.

Dizziness related handicap will be assessed every 4 weeks for 12 weeks. The Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) consists of 25 questions, with a total possible score ranging from 0 (no dizziness) to 50 (severe dizziness).

Quality of life related to headache will be assessed at 4 week intervals for 12 weeks. The Migraine-Specific Quality of Life 2.1 (MSQ) consists of 14 items, with a total possible score ranging from 14 (affected none of the time) to 84 (affected all of the time).

Dizziness symptoms will be assessed at 2 week intervals for 12 weeks. The Sheehan Disability Scale/Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (SDS-MIDAS) consists of 5 questions, with a total possible score ranging from 0 (no disability) to 72 (extremely disruptive).

Headache symptoms will be assessed at 2 week intervals for 12 weeks. The Sheehan Disability Scale/Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (SDS-MIDAS) consists of 5 questions, with a total possible score ranging from 0 (no disability) to 72 (extremely disruptive).

cat-scratch disease/cefalea

A Randomized Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Timolol Ophthalmic Solution as an Acute Treatment of Migraine

Verapamil vs. Sertraline for Vestibular Migraine & Chronic Subjective Dizziness

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