Fractionation of the ethanol extract of Palhinhaea cernua afforded a new (1) and two known p-coumaroylated apigenin glycosides (2, 3) in addition to dillenetin, rhamnazin, alpha-onocerin, beta-sitosterol, and (E)-2-hydroxy-5-methoxycinnamic acid. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated as
Three new neolignans, lycocernuasides B-D (1-3), three new serratane triterpenoids, lycernuic ketones D (8) and E (9), and lycernuic A (10), together with six known compounds, were isolated from the 75% aqueous EtOH extract of Palhinhaea cernua. Their structures and absolute configurations were