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BACKGROUND
Quillaja saponaria bark contains a high percentage of triterpene saponins and has been used for centuries as a cleansing and analgesic agent in Chilean folk medicine.
OBJECTIVE
The topical and systemic analgesic effects of a commercial partially purified saponin extract,
Quillaja saponaria Mol. bark contains a high concentration of triterpene saponins that have been used for centuries as a cleansing, antiinflammatory and analgesic agent in Chilean folk medicine. In earlier studies, in mice, both the anti-inflammatory as well as the antinociceptive OBJECTIVE
Quillaic acid is the major aglycone of the widely studied saponins of the Chilean indigenous tree Quillaja saponaria Mol. The industrial availability of quillaja saponins and the extensive functionalization of this triterpenoid provide unique opportunities for structural modification and
The cytotoxic mechanism of the saponin QS-21 and its aglycone quillaic acid (QA) was studied on human gastric cancer cells (SNU1 and KATO III). Both compounds showed in vitro cytotoxic activity with IC50 values: 7.1 μM (QS-21) and 13.6 μM (QA) on SNU1 cells; 7.4 μM (QS-21) and 67 μM (QA)
Three new saponins were isolated from a commercial bark extract of Quillaja saponaria Molina. These compounds were also obtained as degradation products from larger saponins in this extract when treated with strong alkali. The compounds were characterized, using mainly NMR spectroscopy, mass
Six novel fucose 3-O-acetylated saponins, with a quillaic acid aglycone, were isolated from a bark extract from the Quillaja saponaria Molina tree. In addition, a saponin with a novel aglycone (phytolaccagenic acid) and a novel fatty acyl group [(S)-2-methylbutanoyl] for Quillaja saponins was found.
Sixteen saponins were identified from a bark extract of Quillaja saponaria Molina. The compounds were characterized, using NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and monosaccharide analysis, as quillaic acid substituted at C-3 with oligosaccharides consisting of a disaccharide,
Seven novel saponins were isolated from a bark extract of Quillaja saponaria Molina. the compounds were characterized, using mainly NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and chemical methods, as quillaic acid substituted at C-3 with oligosaccharides consisting of various compositions of D-glucuronic
Eight new triterpenoid saponins were isolated from a bark extract of Quillaja saponaria Molina by silica and reverse phase chromatography. The saponins were characterized by spectroscopic data and chemical methods as phytolaccagenic acid, 22beta-hydroxy-quillaic acid, and echinocystic acid
A fraction of saponins from Quillaja saponaria Molina, QH-B, was fractionated by consecutive separations on three different reverse-phase HPLC systems. Eight compounds were isolated and the structures of these were elucidated mainly by sugar analysis and NMR spectroscopy. The structures consisted of
Fifty saponin components of Quil A, a commercially available extract from the bark of the South American tree Quillaja saponaria Molina, were partially structurally characterised. The molecular weights were determined by fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry. The glycosyl and elemental composition
Analysis of 50% aqueous methanolic extracts of bark of Quillaja saponaria Molina (quillaja) by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), using negative ion electrospray, revealed over 100 saponins. The majority could be assigned to known structures or generalised variations of these from the
The use of saponin in experimental vaccines has been known for more than 60 yr (1, Chapter 9 ) and generally it is more active as an adjuvant with strongly immunogenic antigens. A number of saponins are derived from the bark of the South American soaptree (Quillaja saponaria) as acylated
QS-21 and QS-7 are two adjuvant-active saponins that can be obtained in high purity from Quillaja saponaria Molina extracts. QS-21 is a highly characterized compound and is known to be a potent adjuvant for antibody and CD8+ CTL response to subunit antigens. Less is known about the activity and
We have synthesized a number of Quillaja saponaria Molina (QS) saponin analogues with a different C28 sugar unit, which features either 3,4-diacetyl groups or a 3,4-cyclic carbonate group at the reducing end fucoside to mimic the naturally occurring saponin adjuvant QS-7. Immunological