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sulfolipid/spinacia oleracea
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Quantitative analysis of brain and spinach leaf lipids employing silicic acid column chromatography and acetone for elution of glycolipids.
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Quantitative elution of acidic and neutral glycolipids of brain and spinach leaves from silicic acid columns with acetone was demonstrated. Cerebrosides and sulfatides of brain and sulfolipid and glycosyl diglycerides of spinach leaves were eluted quantitatively with acetone while prospholipids
Ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase moonlights in plant sulfolipid biosynthesis by forming a complex with SQD1.
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UDP-sulfoquinovose synthase, SQD1, catalyzes the transfer of sulfite to UDP-glucose giving rise to UDP-sulfoquinovose, which is the head group donor for the biosynthesis of the plant sulfolipid sulfoquinovosyldiacylglyerol. The native SQD1 enzyme of spinach exists as a 250 kDa heteroprotein complex
Localization of sulfolipid labeling within cells and chloroplasts.
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Spinach chloroplasts were purified on gradients of Percoll which preserved envelope impermeability and CO2-dependent oxygen evolution in the light. Application of (35)SO4″ to purified chloroplasts resulted in a light-dependent labeling of a lipid component which was indentified as sulfoquinovosyl
Characterization of elemental sulfur in isolated intact spinach chloroplasts.
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Incubation of intact spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) chloroplasts in the presence of (35)SO(4) (2-) resulted in the light-dependent formation of a chloroform-soluble sulfur-containing compound distinct from sulfolipid. We have identified this compound as the most stable form (S(8)) of elemental
Role of Galactolipids in Spinach Chloroplast Lamellar Membranes: II. Effects of Galactolipid Depletion on Phosphorylation and Electron Flow.
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A galactolipid lipase from primary bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) leaves has been used to partially deplete spinach chloroplast inner membranes of their galactolipids. Chloroplasts treated with the lipase in the absence of bovine serum albumin lost 91% of their monogalactosyl diglyceride, 83% of their
A Lipid Requirement for Photosystem I Activity in Heptane-extracted Spinach Chloroplasts.
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A lipid requirement for photosystem I activity in Spinacia oleracea chloroplasts has been characterized. The transfer of electrons from tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine through the chloroplast photosystem to viologen dye was used as an assay of photosystem I activity. Activity is diminished by
Sulfolipid is a potential candidate for annexin binding to the outer surface of chloroplast.
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Using a subcellular-specific proteomic approach, we have identified by protein microsequencing, a putative 35-kDa annexin from among the chloroplast envelope polypeptides. To confirm this identification, we demonstrate that (a) a 35-kDa protein, identified as annexin by antibody cross-reactivity,
Recombinant Arabidopsis SQD1 converts udp-glucose and sulfite to the sulfolipid head group precursor UDP-sulfoquinovose in vitro.
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The sulfolipid sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol is a component of plant photosynthetic membranes and represents one of the few naturally occurring sulfonic acids with detergent properties. Sulfolipid biosynthesis involves the transfer of sulfoquinovose, a 6-deoxy-6-sulfoglucose, from UDP-sulfoquinovose
Native uridine 5'-diphosphate-sulfoquinovose synthase, SQD1, from spinach purifies as a 250-kDa complex.
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Sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol is a polar lipid present in photosynthetic membranes. It contributes to the negative surface charge of the membrane and plays a pivotal role under phosphate stress. The SQD1 protein is the key enzyme involved in the formation of the sulfolipid head group precursor,
Unambiguous regiochemical assignment of sulfoquinovosyl mono- and diacylglycerols in parsley and spinach leaves by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization sequential mass spectrometry assisted by regioselective enzymatic hydrolysis.
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BACKGROUND
Sulfoquinovosylmonoglycerides (SQMG) and sulfoquinovosyldiglycerides (SQDG) in the lipid extracts of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea) leaves were investigated. The aim of this work was to assess and establish the chemical characterization of fatty acyl chains
Synthesis of different nucleoside 5'-diphospho-sulfoquinovoses and their use for studies on sulfolipid biosynthesis in chloroplasts.
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6-Sulfo-alpha-D-quinovopyranosyl phosphate was reacted with different nucleoside monophosphate morpholidates to form ADP-, CDP-, GDP- and UDP-sulfoquinovose. Analytical and preparative HPLC of these nucleotides was performed on reversed-phase columns using volatile buffer systems as eluant. The
Differences in Lipid Composition between Undifferentiated and Mature Maize Chloroplasts.
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Lipid compositions of undifferentiated maize (Zea mays) chloroplasts, capable of fixing CO(2), were compared with the lipid compositions of mature chloroplasts, which do not fix CO(2), located in both the mesophyll and bundle sheath cells. The major lipids found in all three chloroplast types were
Manipulating the incorporation of [1-C]acetate into different leaf glycerolipids in several plant species.
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During short term labeling of expanding leaves of seven plant species with [1-(14)C]acetate, 35 to 64% of the label incorporated into lipids was found in phosphatidylcholine and 5 to 24% in phosphatidylglycerol. In pumpkin, sunflower, broad bean, and maize, only 4 to 12% of the label was found in
Involvement of ferredoxin in desaturation of lipid-bound oleate in chloroplasts.
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Intact spinach (Spinacia oleracea) chloroplasts, pulse-labeled with [(14)C]acetate, desaturate newly formed fatty acids as ester groups of monogalactosyl diacylglycerol in a subsequent chase in the dark. Rupture of pulse-labeled chloroplasts by addition of a detergent solution
Biosynthesis of sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol in higher plants: the incorporation of 35SO4 by intact chloroplasts.
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Isolated spinach chloroplasts have been found to incorporate 35SO4 into the plant sulfolipid, sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol, at rates of up to 700 pmol mg chlorophyll-1 h-1. The reaction is light-dependent, requires that the chloroplasts be intact, and is slightly stimulated by ATP and UTP.
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