Whey Protein Study - Identification of Sustainable Satiety
Märksõnad
Abstraktne
Kirjeldus
A randomized crossover design in 10 overweight/obese (BMI 26-40) men and 10 lean men (BMI 18.5-25). The control will be water. Each subject will attend the HNU on six separate occasions. The five test meal challenges will involve subjects attending the Human Nutrition Unit (HNU) in the morning, after an overnight fast. The total time of test meal visits will be approximately 4½hours. They will be provided with a standardised meal, after which blood samples will be collected for the first 2hrs. The following five treatments will be tested:
Treatment 1 Control - Water + Egg Yolk Mixture + 13C Octanoic Acid Treatment 2 HPL (High Protein Liquid): 30% protein; 30% fat and 40% carbohydrate (CHO) Treatment 3 LPL (Low Protein Liquid): 15% protein; 30% fat and 55% CHO Treatment 4 HPS (High Protein Solid): 30% protein; 30% fat and 40% CHO Treatment 5 LPS (Low Protein Solid): 15% protein; 30% fat and 55% CHO Test meals will be of fixed nutritional composition for all participants. The liquid meal will be a milk/fruit smoothie mixture and the 'solid' will be in a milk jelly (set) form.
Ad libitum pasta meal: 15% protein; 30% fat and 55% CHO as a homogenous mix and energy density of around 400kJ/100g - served in excess as a individual 600g portion to 'help-yourself'.
Subjective average appetite will be measured (every 30 min by visual analogue scales) over 4hr and ad libitum food intake will measured 4hr after treatment consumption. Ad libitum lunch will be a homogenous pasta meal with tomato sauce and a bottle of water. Blood samples will be collected every 10 min for the first half hour, every 15 min for the second half hour and every 30mins subsequently. The breath gastric emptying measurement will be assessed using the 13Carbon (13C) Octanoic Acid stable isotopic technique19. This involves mixing the tracer into food and taking breath samples and measured by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. 13C Octanoic acid is a medium chain fatty acid which is rapidly absorbed in the duodenum and metabolised in the liver. Following oxidation, the resulting Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is excreted into breath (12 samples will be collected during the 4hr test day).
Kuupäevad
| Viimati kinnitatud: | 02/29/2016 |
| Esmalt esitatud: | 09/14/2014 |
| Hinnanguline registreerumine on esitatud: | 09/17/2014 |
| Esmalt postitatud: | 09/21/2014 |
| Viimane värskendus on esitatud: | 03/22/2016 |
| Viimati värskendus postitatud: | 03/23/2016 |
| Õppe tegelik alguskuupäev: | 07/31/2013 |
| Eeldatav esmane lõpetamise kuupäev: | 09/30/2015 |
| Eeldatav uuringu lõpetamise kuupäev: | 09/30/2015 |
Seisund või haigus
Sekkumine / ravi
Dietary Supplement: Treatment 1 - Control
Dietary Supplement: Treatment 2 - HPL
Dietary Supplement: Treatment 3 - LPL
Dietary Supplement: Treatment 4 - HPS
Dietary Supplement: Treatment 5 - LPS
Faas
Käerühmad
| Arm | Sekkumine / ravi |
|---|---|
| Placebo Comparator: Treatment 1 - Control Water, Toast & Egg (Yolk only) + 0.1g 13C Octanoic Acid | Dietary Supplement: Treatment 1 - Control Water, Toast & Egg (Yolk only) + 0.1g 13C Octanoic Acid |
| Active Comparator: Treatment 2 - HPL High Protein Smoothie (Liquid): 30% protein; 30% fat and 40% CHO + 0.1g 13C Octanoic Acid | Dietary Supplement: Treatment 2 - HPL High Protein Smoothie (Liquid): 30% protein; 30% fat and 40% CHO + 0.1g 13C Octanoic Acid |
| Active Comparator: Treatment 3 - LPL Low Protein Smoothie (Liquid): 15% protein; 30% fat and 55% CHO + 0.1g 13C Octanoic Acid | Dietary Supplement: Treatment 3 - LPL Low Protein Smoothie (Liquid): 15% protein; 30% fat and 55% CHO + 0.1g 13C Octanoic Acid |
| Active Comparator: Treatment 4 - HPS High Protein Milk Jelly (Solid): 30% protein; 30% fat and 40% CHO + 0.1g 13C Octanoic Acid | Dietary Supplement: Treatment 4 - HPS High Protein Milk Jelly (Solid): 30% protein; 30% fat and 40% CHO + 0.1g 13C Octanoic Acid |
| Active Comparator: Treatment 5 - LPS Low Protein Milk Jelly (Solid): 15% protein; 30% fat and 55% CHO + 0.1g 13C Octanoic Acid | Dietary Supplement: Treatment 5 - LPS Low Protein Milk Jelly (Solid): 15% protein; 30% fat and 55% CHO + 0.1g 13C Octanoic Acid |
Abikõlblikkuse kriteeriumid
| Õppimiseks sobivad vanused | 20 Years To 20 Years |
| Uuringuks kõlblikud sood | Male |
| Võtab vastu tervislikke vabatahtlikke | Jah |
| Kriteeriumid | Inclusion Criteria: - BMI = 18.5-40kg/m2 Exclusion Criteria: - Diabetes - Severe gastrointestinal disorders - Kidney disease - Thromboembolic or coagulation disease - Hepatic disease - Alcohol or any other substance abuse - Gout - Eating disorders - Food allergy - Unregulated thyroid disease - Psychiatric disorders (including severe depression, lithium treatment, schizophrenia, severe behavioural disorders) - Vegetarians & Vegans Medication Exclusion Criteria: - Orlistat (Xenical) - Oral antidiabetics, insulin - Rimonabant (Acomplia) - Digoxin, anti-arrhythmics - Sibutramine (Reductil) - Tricyclic antidepressants, neuroleptics |
Tulemus
Esmased tulemusnäitajad
1. Changes in postprandial biomarkers of satiety as measured by gut-related hormones [On each test day blood samples are collected every 10 min for the first half hour, every 15 min for the second half hour and every 30mins subsequently. (Eight samples are therefore collected for 2hours at T0, T10, T20, T30, T45, T60, T90 and T120mins)]
Sekundaarsed tulemusmõõdud
1. Changes in postprandial gastric emptying, measured using breath samples [On each test day samples are collected every 15mins for the first 2½hrs then every 30mins for the last ½hr. Therefore samples are collected for a total of 3hours at T0, T15, T30, T45, T60, T75, T90, T105, T120, T135, T150 and T180mins.]
Muud tulemusmeetmed
1. Changes in subjective appetite using visual analogue scales [On each test day the appetite questions are answered every 30mins during the 4hour visit.]
2. Ad libitum food intake [Recorded at T240mins on the test day visit and then for approximately 12hours at home. Therefore all food consumed during the 24hours of the test day will be assessed]
