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The dry fruit of Luffa cylindrica was investigated as an immobilization matrix for Nicotiana tabacum cells in bioconversion reactions of exogenous substrates. Immobilized cells show high biocatalytic activity under high substrate levels. Cell growth on the dry fruit can be maintained until reaching
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and Gherkin (Cucumis anguria L.) are important cucurbitaceous vegetables grown in India for slicing and pickling. During the 2000 to 2002 rainy season and summer, a new virus disease, causing yield losses of 31 to 75% in Bangalore, Bellary, Davanagiree, and Tumkur
The massive use of fossil fuels since the industrial revolution has led to a rapid increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. What effects elevated CO2 concentrations (ECO2) have on the defense mechanisms plants employ against insects
Bacterial fruit blotch (BFB) caused by Acidovorax citrulli is one of the most important bacterial diseases of cucurbits worldwide. However, the mechanisms associated with A. citrulli pathogenicity and genetics of host resistance have not been extensively investigated. We idenitfied Nicotiana
Cucurbits are major cash crops of vegetable growers in Oklahoma, particularly watermelon, which is the official state vegetable. In 2010, during a survey for cucurbit viruses (1), symptomatic leaf samples of cucumber (Cucumis sativus), cantaloupe (Cucumis melo), pumpkin, (Cucurbita pepo), squash
In tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), Ralstonia solanacearum OE1-1 (RsOE1-1) is pathogenic, whereas R. solanacearum 8107 (Rs8107) is nonpathogenic and induces the hypersensitive response (HR). To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of plant-R. solanacearum interactions, we used differential display to
Flowering is triggered by the transmission of a mobile protein, FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), from leaves to the shoot apex. FT originates in the phloem of leaf veins. However, the identity of the FT-synthesizing cells in the phloem is not known. As a result, it has not been possible to determine whether
Unusual symptoms were observed in summer 1997 in field zucchini of several cultivars grown in central Italy. Symptoms included reduction in growth, severe mosaic, blistering and deformation of leaves, and malformation on fruits. Plants gave negative results in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Unusual symptoms were observed on 5% of the soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merill) plants in commercial fields in South Korea in September 2008 and 2009. The lesions were at first water soaked, then enlarged and turned dark brown or black, often with concentric white rings and sometimes surrounded by a
In April 2001, necrotic lesions surrounded by thin, water-soaked halos were observed on cotyledons of 12-day-old melon seedlings (Cucumis melo var. reticulatus, cv. Baggio, Calipso, and Proteo) grown in plant beds in an unheated greenhouse located in the Province of Perugia (central Italy). The
African eggplant, or garden egg (Solanum aethiopicum) is an important vegetable in most sub-Saharan African countries. Since June 1997, viral symptoms, including mosaic, vein clearing, and stunting, have been observed on several crops of African eggplant cv. Tengeru White at a number of sites in the
In 1989, a wilt and stem rot of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) was reported on seedlings grown under plastic in northern Serbia (1). In 1998, a similar disease of watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris L.) transplants occurred in central Serbia, resulting in losses estimated at 20% of plants grown in the
The N-terminal region of the Ourmia melon virus (OuMV) coat protein (CP) contains a short lysine/arginine-rich (KR) region. By alanine scanning mutagenesis, we showed that the KR region influences pathogenicity and virulence of OuMV without altering viral particle assembly. A mutant, called
We have isolated a cDNA for Cm-HMGR, encoding 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase in melon (Cucumis melo L. reticulatus; Genbank Accession No. AB021862). Cm-HMGR encodes a polypeptide of 588 amino acids that contains two transmembrane domains and a catalytic domain. Database