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The aim of this study was to investigate whether the central nervous system regulates mucosal cell growth and apoptosis in the rat small intestine. Ornithine decarboxylase is a key enzyme for polyamine synthesis, which plays an important role in intestinal mucosal growth. The increase in ornithine
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to determine whether sedentary obese women with knee OA initiating an exercise and weight loss program may experience more beneficial changes in body composition, functional capacity, and/or markers of health following a higher protein diet compared to a
Chitin (β-(1-4)-poly-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine) is widely distributed in nature and is the second most abundant polysaccharide after cellulose. Chitin occurs in nature as ordered macrofibrils. It is the major structural component in the exoskeleton of crab and shrimp shells and the cell wall of fungi
Chitooligosaccharides (CHOS) are oligomers of β-(1-4) linked N-acetylglucosamine and D-glucosamine that are produced from chitin or chitosan using different enzymatic or chemical methods. CHOS are water-soluble and non-cytotoxic with diverse bioactivities such as antibacterial, anti-inflammation,
Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is an oligomer of β-(1➔4)-linked d-glucosamine. COS can be prepared from the deacetylation and hydrolysis of chitin, which is commonly found in the exoskeletons of arthropods and insects and the cell walls of fungi. COS is water soluble, non-cytotoxic, readily absorbed