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Transesterification reaction of Jatropha curcas oil with methanol was carried out in the presence of ash generated from Palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) in a heterogeneous catalyzed process. The ash was doped with KOH by impregnation to achieve a potassium level of 20 wt.%. Under optimum conditions for
The objective of this research is to produce the low-cost activated carbon from Jatropha curcas L. by chemical activation using zinc chloride ZnCl2. The effects of the impregnation ratio on the surface and chemical properties of activated carbon were investigated. The impregnation ratio was selected
The increasing need for renewable energy resources has led to higher demands for biofuel, a scenario where the castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) seed oil represents a promising source of raw material. Despite that, information regarding the genome organization of R. communis is still scarce,
The objective of this study was to catalytically upgrade bio-oil from organic vapors of Jatropha wastes using Py-GC/MS. Catalytic testing included Al2O3, ZrO2, TiO2 (rutile, T1) and TiO2 (anatase, T2) supporter catalysts modified with transition metals (Pd, Ru or Ni) by impregnation method. In