tocopherol/müürlook

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Transgenic rice grains expressing a heterologous ρ-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase shift tocopherol synthesis from the γ to the α isoform without increasing absolute tocopherol levels.

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We generated transgenic rice plants overexpressing Arabidopsis thaliana ρ-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD), which catalyzes the first committed step in vitamin E biosynthesis. Transgenic grains accumulated marginally higher levels of total tocochromanols than controls, reflecting a small

Identification of OsGGR2, a second geranylgeranyl reductase involved in α-tocopherol synthesis in rice.

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Tocopherol (Toc) and tocotrienol (T3) are abundant in rice bran. Geranylgeranyl reductase (GGR) is an essential enzyme for Toc production that catalyzes the reduction of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate and geranylgeranyl-chlorophyll. However, we found that a rice mutant line with inactivated

Jasmonate is involved in the induction of tyrosine aminotransferase and tocopherol biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana.

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Coronatine-inducible tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT), which catalyses the transamination from tyrosine to p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate, is the first enzyme of a pathway leading via homogentisic acid to plastoquinone and tocopherols, the latter of which are known to be radical scavengers in plants. TAT

Genetic mapping, cloning, and functional characterization of the BnaX.VTE4 gene encoding a gamma-tocopherol methyltransferase from oilseed rape.

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Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is one of the major oilseed crops and an important source for tocopherols known as vitamin E in human nutrition. Increasing the tocopherol content and altering the tocopherol composition is a major goal in rapeseed breeding. The genes encoding enzymes from the tocopherol

Nitration of gamma-tocopherol in plant tissues.

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Nitration of gamma-tocopherol has been suggested to be an important mechanism for the regulation and detoxification of reactive nitrogen oxide species in animal tissues. To investigate whether this reaction does also occur in plants, reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and

Tocopherol Cyclases-Substrate Specificity and Phylogenetic Relations.

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In the present studies, we focused on substrate specificity of tocopherol cyclase, the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of the tocopherols and plastochromanol-8, the main plant lipid antioxidants, with special emphasis on the preference for tocopherols and plastochromanol-8 precursors, taking

Antioxidant value addition in human diets: genetic transformation of Brassica juncea with gamma-TMT gene for increased alpha-tocopherol content.

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Alpha-tocopherol, the most biologically active form of vitamin E, is implicated in decreasing the risk of several types of cancers, coronary heart disease and a number of degenerative human conditions, when taken in excess of the recommended daily allowance. Natural alpha-tocopherol has twice the

Characterization of gamma-tocopherol methyltransferases from Capsicum annuum L and Arabidopsis thaliana.

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Tocopherols are essential micronutrients in human and animal nutrition due to their function as lipophilic antioxidants. They are exclusively synthesized by photosynthetic organisms including higher plants. Despite the attributed beneficial health effects and many industrial applications, research

Unraveling the genetic basis of seed tocopherol content and composition in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.).

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BACKGROUND Tocopherols are important antioxidants in vegetable oils; when present as vitamin E, tocopherols are an essential nutrient for humans and livestock. Rapeseed (Brassica napus L, AACC, 2 n = 38) is one of the most important oil crops and a major source of tocopherols. Although the

Application of the Synechococcus nirA promoter to establish an inducible expression system for engineering the Synechocystis tocopherol pathway.

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Tocopherols are important antioxidants in lipophilic environments. They are synthesized by plants and some photosynthetic bacteria. Recent efforts to analyze and engineer tocopherol biosynthesis led to the identification of Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 as a well-characterized model system. To

Effect of short-term salt stress on oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzymes activity in tocopherol-deficient Arabidopsis thaliana plants.

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Changes of carotenoids and anthocyanins content, lipid peroxidation, and activity of antioxidant enzymes were studied in wild type and tocopherol-deficient lines vte1 and vte4 of Arabidopsis thaliana subjected to 200 mM NaCI during 24 h. The salt stress enhanced the intensity of lipid peroxidation

Effect of sodium nitroprusside and S-nitrosoglutathione on pigment content and antioxidant system of tocopherol-deficient plants of Arabidopsis thaliana.

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Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) were used as a source of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) to investigate their effects on biochemical parameters and antioxidant enzyme response in leaves of wild type Columbia and tocopherol-deficient vte4 and vte1 mutant lines of Arabidopsis

Light, temperature and tocopherol status influence foliar vascular anatomy and leaf function in Arabidopsis thaliana.

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This study addressed whether the winter annual Arabidopsis thaliana can adjust foliar phloem and xylem anatomy both differentially and in parallel. In plants acclimated to hot vs cool temperature, foliar minor vein xylem-to-phloem ratio was greater, whereas xylem and phloem responded concomitantly

Mutations of the ER to plastid lipid transporters TGD1, 2, 3 and 4 and the ER oleate desaturase FAD2 suppress the low temperature-induced phenotype of Arabidopsis tocopherol-deficient mutant vte2.

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Previous studies with the tocopherol-deficient Arabidopsis thaliana vte2 mutant demonstrated an important role for tocopherols in the development of transfer cell walls and maintenance of photoassimilate export capacity during low-temperature (LT) adaptation. To further understand the processes

Chlorophyll degradation: the tocopherol biosynthesis-related phytol hydrolase in Arabidopsis seeds is still missing.

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Phytyl diphosphate (PDP) is the prenyl precursor for tocopherol biosynthesis. Based on recent genetic evidence, PDP is supplied to the tocopherol biosynthetic pathway primarily by chlorophyll degradation and sequential phytol phosphorylation. Three enzymes of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) are

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