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Impaired glucose metabolism in the heart of obese Zucker rats after treatment with phorbol ester.

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OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of obesity on the regulation of myocardial glucose metabolism following protein kinase C (PKC) activation in obese (fa/fa) and lean (Fa/?) Zucker rats. METHODS Isolated hearts obtained from 17-week-old lean and obese Zucker rats were perfused with 200 nM

Chronic activation of protein kinase C in soleus muscles and other tissues of insulin-resistant type II diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK), obese/aged, and obese/Zucker rats. A mechanism for inhibiting glycogen synthesis.

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We examined the possibility that protein kinase C (PKC) is chronically activated and may contribute to impaired glycogen synthesis and insulin resistance in soleus muscles of hyperinsulinemic type II diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats. Relative to nondiabetic controls, PKC enzyme activity and levels

Multiple defects occur in the guanine nucleotide regulatory protein system in liver plasma membranes of obese (fa/fa) but not lean (Fa/Fa) Zucker rats: loss of functional Gi and abnormal Gs function.

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Hepatocyte membranes from both lean and obese Zucker rats exhibited adenylate cyclase activity that could be stimulated by glucagon, forskolin, NaF and elevated concentrations of p[NH]ppG. In membranes from lean animals, functional Gi was detected by the ability of low concentrations of p[NH]ppG to

Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in human lymphocytes: effects of insulin, obesity and weight loss.

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Insulin exposure stimulates an increase in glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH) activity in isolated human lymphocytes that correlates to an increase in G3PDH mRNA and requires new protein synthesis. Synthetic diacylglycerol or phorbol ester can mimic the effect of insulin on G3PDH activity,

Obesity is associated with impaired ventricular protein kinase C-MAP kinase signaling and altered ANP mRNA expression in the heart of adult Zucker rats.

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BACKGROUND In the obesity model of the Zucker rat, myocardial protein kinase C (PKC) activation by phorbol ester is impaired. The influence of obesity on myocardial cell signaling was investigated by studying the activation of PKC isozymes and MAP kinases (MAPK) p38 and p42/44 as well as the

Altered intracellular calcium and phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate binding to intact platelets in young obese subjects.

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The study was designed to examine cytosolic free calcium ((Ca2+)i) and phorbol dibutyryl ester binding in intact platelets of young obese subjects as compared with the platelets of age-matched subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and those of healthy control subjects. The

Mechanisms of muscle insulin resistance in obese individuals.

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We previously reported that insulin resistance in skeletal muscle of obese individuals was associated with decreases in insulin signal transduction and tyrosine kinase activity of the insulin receptor. Herein is reviewed the recently published data supporting the hypothesis that protein kinase C

A link between insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia: inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase augment glucose-induced insulin secretion from islets of lean, but not obese, rats.

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Wortmannin (5-100 nM), a specific phosphatidyinositol 3-kinase inhibitor, augmented 8 mM glucose-induced insulin secretion from control Sprague Dawley rat islets in a dose-dependent manner. This effect persisted after its removal from the perifusion medium; however, this augmenting effect was

Inhibitory effect of 3-caffeoyl-4-dicaffeoylquinic acid from Salicornia herbacea against phorbol ester-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in macrophages.

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Salicornia herbacea (S. herbacea), an annual herb that grows in the salt marshes of the Korean peninsula, has been used as a folk medicine to treat a variety of diseases such as constipation, obesity, diabetes, and cancer. However, the effect of S. herbacea on inflammation is unclear. In the present

G protein beta 3 gene: structure, promoter, and additional polymorphisms.

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Recent studies have shown that a polymorphism (C825T) in the gene encoding the G protein beta 3 subunit (GNB3) is associated with hypertension and obesity. We characterized the entire GNB3 gene, which spans 7.5 kb and is composed of 11 exons and 10 introns. Its promoter lacks a TATA box but harbors

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-beta as a target for wound healing drugs: what is possible?

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) dysfunction has been implicated in the manifestation of many diseases and illnesses, ranging from obesity to cancer. Herein, we discuss the role of PPARbeta, one of the three PPAR isotypes, during wound healing. While PPARbeta expression is

Tumor suppressor BRCA1 inhibits a breast cancer-associated promoter of the aromatase gene (CYP19) in human adipose stromal cells.

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Adipose tissue provides an important extragonadal source of estrogen. Obesity-associated elevation of estrogen production increases risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Aromatase (CYP19), which converts androgen to estrogen, is a key enzyme in estrogen biosynthesis. In normal adipose

Glucose-induced increase in cytoplasmic pH in pancreatic beta-cells is mediated by Na+/H+ exchange, an effect not dependent on protein kinase C.

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Glucose-induced changes in cytoplasmic pH (pHi) were investigated using pancreatic beta-cells isolated from obese hyperglycemic mice. Glucose, at concentrations above 3-5 mM, depolarized the beta-cell and increased pHi, cytoplasmic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i), and insulin release. This increase in pHi was

Insulin and insulin-like growth factors induce expression of angiotensin type-2 receptor in vascular-smooth-muscle cells.

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Angiotensin type-2 receptor (AT2) is abundant in fetal tissues, including aorta, and its expression level declines after birth. In the present study, the regulation of its expression was studied in cultured vascular-smooth-muscle cells (VSMC). The maximum number of binding sites of AT2 increased in

1,2-Diacylglycerol and ceramide levels in insulin-resistant tissues of the rat in vivo.

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Phorbol esters have been reported to decrease sensitivity or responsiveness to insulin in cells in vitro. Since phorbol esters are analogues of endogenously produced 1,2-diacylglycerol, the present study investigated whether 1,2-diacylglycerol concentration is elevated in insulin-resistant tissues

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Herbal & Natural Medicine

کاملترین پایگاه داده گیاهان دارویی با پشتیبانی علمی

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