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We observed a wide distribution of the carbohydrate epitopes galactosyl alpha(1-3)galactose (gal alpha1-3 gal), alpha-glucoside and alpha-mannoside in mono- and heteroxenic trypanosomatids by using fluorescein-labelled lectins of Euonymus europaeus (EE) and Concanavalin A (Con A) as well as sera
Euonymus europaeus lectin (EEL) is a carbohydrate-binding protein derived from the fruit of the European spindle tree. EEL was first identified for its erythrocyte agglutinating properties and specificity for B and H blood groups. However, a detailed molecular picture of the structural basis of
The Euonymus europaeus agglutinin (EEA) is an endothelial marker in mammalia. In canine tissues, 4 types of endothelial cells (general, nervous, arterial, hepatic) were identified by the presence of the EEA receptor and by its sensitivity to neuraminidase enhancement. In adult dogs, EEA binding
Precipitation induced by different lectins has been studied in the presence of some aminoacids. It was shown that precipitates formed by lectins from Ricinus communis (RCA1), Canavalia ensiformis (Con A), Euonymus europaeus (Eel) in the presence of appropriate carbohydrate-containing molecules
The lectin of Euonymus europaeus at concentrations of 5-21 micrograms/ml causes activation of the classical complement (C) pathway (C1, C4, C2) when added to normal human serum at 37 degrees C. At higher concentrations, C3 is also consumed. The effect is dependent on a 'natural antibody' in serum of
The carbohydrate binding preferences of the Galalpha3Galbeta4 GlcNAc-binding lectins from Marasmius oreades and Euonymus europaeus were examined by binding to glycosphingolipids on thin-layer chromatograms and in microtiter wells. The M. oreades lectin bound to Galalpha3-terminated
The interaction of latex microspheres with mouse Peyer's patch membranous M-cells was studied in a mouse gut loop model after the microspheres were coated with a variety of agents. Carboxylated microspheres (diameter 0.5 micron) were covalently coated with lectins Ulex europaeus 1, Concanavalin A,
The cell surface carbohydrates of four strains of Aeromonas caviae were analyzed by agglutination and lectin-binding assays employing twenty highly purified lectins encompassing all sugar specificities. With the exception of L-fucose and sialic acid, the sugar residues were detected in A. caviae
The Euonymus lectin (EUL) domain was recognized as the structural motif for a novel class of putative carbohydrate binding proteins. Confocal microscopy demonstrated that the lectin from Euonymus europaeus (EEA) as well as the EUL protein from Arabidopsis thaliana (ArathEULS3) are located in the
M-cell surface glycoconjugate expression was investigated by applying a panel of lectins to whole fixed mouse Peyer's and caecal patches. While the majority of lectins failed to identify mouse M-cells, the lectin Euonymus europaeus differentially stained the surface of M-cells in both mouse Peyer's
Strategies to control influenza outbreaks are focused mainly on prophylactic vaccination. Human influenza vaccines are trivalent blends of different virus subtypes. Therefore and due to frequent antigenic drifts, strain independent manufacturing processes are required for vaccine production. This
Five days old promastigote culture forms of two stocks of Leishmania enriettii pathogenic and non-infective for Cavia procellus, were tested with the lectins of Canavalia ensiformis, Ricinus communis-120, Soja hispida (Glycine maxima), Arachis hypogaea, Ulex europaeus, Ulex europaeus I, Ulex
alpha-Galactosylated xenoantigens (Galalpha1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1 and Galalpha1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4Glc) are often detected with the alpha-Gal specific lectin Griffonia simplicifolia 1 isolectin B4 (GS1 B4). However, this lectin exhibits a broad and variable specificity for