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Disuse muscle wasting will likely affect everyone in his or her lifetime in response to pathologies such as joint immobilization, inactivity or bed rest. There are no good therapies to treat it. We previously found that allopurinol, a drug widely used to treat gout, protects muscle damage after
Alterations in muscle play an important role in common diseases and conditions. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated during hindlimb unloading due, at least in part, to the activation of xanthine oxidase (XO). The major aim of this study was to determine the mechanism by which XO activation
A two-phase cross-over therapeutic study was performed with 19 green iguanas (Iguana iguana) maintained within a preferred optimum temperature range of 26 to 37 degrees C. During phase 1, they were fed a normal vegetarian diet and medicated orally with either allopurinol or a placebo control once a
Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by an ongoing loss of body weight, mainly due to adipose tissue and skeletal muscle wasting. Muscle atrophy leads to a progressive functional impairment and contributes to a negative impact on patient's quality of life. Oxidative Stress (OS)
Prompted by the controversy on the efficacy of allopurinol in Duchenne muscular dystrophy and by our observations of an abnormal adenine nucleotide turnover in this disease, we conducted an 18 month, double-blind clinical trial with allopurinol and adenine in 14 Duchenne boys paired according to age
The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of acute pharmacological interventions on the ischemia-reperfusion damage in a canine model of hypothermic global myocardial ischemia. Three experimental groups each consisting of seven animals were subjected to 2 h of global ischemia followed by 1
Deterioration of energy metabolism and oxidative stress represent fundamental mechanisms in ischemia and reperfusion injury. In a normothermic ischemia/reperfusion rat model, we investigated whether allopurinol (ALL) may improve the scavenging ability of the liver after ischemia. ALL was given prior
A double-bline, controlled study was conducted to assess the effects of allopurinol on Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Six patients--three treated with allopurinol and three given a placebo--were followed up for one year and were evaluated by functional and manual muscle testing as well as by
The influence of diltiazem and/or allopurinol on kidney microcirculation was studied in anaesthetized rats, which were subjected to 60 min unilateral renal ischemia followed by 60 min reflow. In histological sections capillary plasma flow patterns were determined based on the distribution of two
To investigate the pathophysiology of warm ischemia (WI) of the liver, the changes in hemodynamics and energy metabolism were studied during and after 60-min complete WI induced by total hepatic vascular exclusion (HVE) in the canine model. Hepatic arterial blood flow after WI was maintained at 76%
Introduction: Reperfusion surgery following testicular ischemia is a reproductive health threatening status and may result with organ dysfunction in men. The high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cease of blood flow to the
BACKGROUND
Prolonged mechanical unloading induces skeletal muscle weakness, a major problem following extended bed rest or spaceflight. Antioxidants are reported to partially inhibit the weakness caused by limb immobilization. The current study tested allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor with
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effects of allopurinol on free-radical-induced reduction of growth of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells.
METHODS
Bovine RPE cells were seeded at a density of 1 x 10(5) cells/Petri dish (60 x 15 mm) containing 4 ml MEM-Earle plus 15% FCS plus antibiotics. Twenty-four
Contrast media administration can lead to acute deterioration in renal function particularly in patients with pre-existing chronic kidney disease. This prospective, randomized controlled open-label parallel group study was undertaken at Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, from June to