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The benzamide M344, a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor, significantly increases SMN2 RNA/protein levels in spinal muscular atrophy cells.
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Proximal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a common autosomal recessively inherited neuromuscular disorder causing infant death in half of all patients. Homozygous loss of the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene causes SMA, whereas the number of the SMN2 copy genes modulates the severity of the
Changes in DNA binding pattern of transcription factor YY1 in neuronal degeneration.
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Molecular events under the neuronal degeneration are widely studied but still not defined. Here we compared the effects of both excitotoxic and apoptotic insults on the DNA binding profile of multifunctional transcription factor YY1 protein in cultured cerebellar granule neurons. We report that
Iodine-123-epidepride-SPECT: studies in Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy and Huntington's disease.
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Epidepride is a benzamide derivative with very high affinity for D2 receptors, which, in its [123I]-labeled form, can be used for SPECT. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness and accuracy of [123I]epidepride-SPECT for the differential diagnosis of movement disorders.
METHODS
SPECT
Methamphetamine (METH) causes reactive gliosis in vitro: attenuation by the ADP-ribosylation (ADPR) inhibitor, benzamide.
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We examined the effects of methamphetamine (METH) in an in vitro model of rat fetal mesencephalic cells. METH causes loss of dopamine (DA) cells and neuronal process degeneration. In addition, the drug causes an increase in reactive gliosis as shown by the number of cells that stain for and by the
Inhibition of Calpain Prevents N-Methyl-D-aspartate-Induced Degeneration of the Nucleus Basalis and Associated Behavioral Dysfunction.
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N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated excitotoxicity is thought to underlie a variety of neurological disorders, and inhibition of either the NMDA receptor itself, or molecules of the intracellular cascade, may attenuate neurodegeneration in these diseases. Calpain, a calcium-dependent
Testicular lesions of coprine and benzcoprine.
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The effect on the testis of the disulfiram-like compounds benzcoprine (N-[1-ethoxycyclopropyl] benzamide) and coprine (N5-[1-hydroxycyclopropyl]-L-glutamine) was studied in rats and dogs. Severe degeneration of the seminiferous epithelium was induced in rats by subacute oral administration of each
Recognition and treatment of dysthymia in elderly patients.
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This review focuses on recent literature concerning dysthymia in the elderly population. Epidemiological data and clinical picture, diagnostic and therapeutic issues are evaluated and discussed. Although depressive syndromes are common in older patients, prevalence rates of dysthymia in the elderly
[Clinical impact of cerebral dopamine-D2 receptor scintigraphy].
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The present review describes findings and clinical indications for the dopamine D2 receptor scintigraphy. Methods for the examination of D2 receptors are positron emission tomography (PET) using 11C- or 18F-labelled butyrophenones or benzamides or single photon emission tomography (SPECT) using
[Sulpiride: the best known atypical, safe neuroleptic drug. Review of literature].
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This is a review of literature data on a neuroleptic drug--sulpiride. Sulpiride, a benzamide derivative displays selective affinity for mesolimbic and mesocortical dopamine receptors. For this reason it is classified as an atypical antipsychotic drug. In clinical use, it causes undesirable side
Determination of plasma procainamide and N-acetylprocainamide concentration by high-pressure liquid chromatography.
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We describe a routine method for determining concentrations of the antiarrhythmic drug procainamide and its active metabolite, N-acetylprocainamide, in plasma. A simple extraction of 1.0 ml of plasma is followed by separation and chromatographic analysis by use of a column containing
Diagnostic accuracy of combined FP-CIT, IBZM, and MIBG scintigraphy in the differential diagnosis of degenerative parkinsonism: a multidimensional statistical approach.
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In vivo molecular imaging of pre- and postsynaptic nigrostriatal neuronal degeneration and sympathetic cardiac innervation with SPECT is used to distinguish idiopathic Parkinson disease (PD) from atypical parkinsonian disorder (APD). However, the diagnostic accuracy of these imaging approaches as
Inhibiting heat-shock protein 90 reverses sensory hypoalgesia in diabetic mice.
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Increasing the expression of Hsp70 (heat-shock protein 70) can inhibit sensory neuron degeneration after axotomy. Since the onset of DPN (diabetic peripheral neuropathy) is associated with the gradual decline of sensory neuron function, we evaluated whether increasing Hsp70 was sufficient to improve
A Small Molecule Activator of p300/CBP Histone Acetyltransferase Promotes Survival and Neurite Growth in a Cellular Model of Parkinson's Disease.
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Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterised by motor and non-motor symptoms, resulting from the degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons and peripheral autonomic neurons. Given the limited success of neurotrophic factors in clinical trials, there is a
[Diseases other than Parkinson's disease presenting with parkinsonism].
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Among the diseases causing parkinsonism, drug-induced parkinsonism is important because physicians often use anti-dopaminergic drugs such as benzamides for gastrointestinal disorders. In 28 patients with drug-induced parkinsonism, 13 (47%) showed persistent parkinsonism even 6 months after the
Tiapride-induced chronic hyperprolactinaemia: interference with the human menstrual cycle.
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Four regularly menstruating volunteers were submitted to an oral treatment, for 3 consecutive cycles and starting on the first day of a cycle, with tiapride at daily doses ranging from 1 x 100 mg to 2 x 100 mg. The first and the last cycle under treatment, as well as a prior control cycle, were
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