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dimethylxanthine/inflammation
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In vivo anti-inflammatory activity of 7-(1,3-dithiolan-2-ylmethyl)-1,3-dimethylxanthine.
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A new methylxanthine derivative [7-(1,3-dithiolan-2-ylmethyl)-1,3-dimethylxanthine, ABC 99] with mucoregulatory and antibronchospastic properties has been studied. ABC 99 was observed to have marked anti-inflammatory activity in a series of experimental trials involving the principal mediators of
Inhibition of acute pulmonary and systemic inflammation by 1,7-dimethylxanthine.
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The nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerse-1 (PARP-1) has previously been reported to play an important role in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pulmonary inflammation and is highly activated in COPD patients. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory efficacy of a previously identified
CT-1501R selectively inhibits induced inflammatory monokines in human whole blood ex vivo.
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The effect of (R)-1-(5-hydroxyhexyl)-3,7-dimethylxanthine (CT-1501R; the nonproprietary name for CT-1501R approved by the United States Name Council is lisofylline), an inhibitor of second messenger signaling through phosphatidic acid, on release of endogenous mediators important in the systemic
Potential role for phosphatidic acid in mediating the inflammatory responses to TNF alpha and IL-1 beta.
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Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta), and endotoxin (LPS) are potent pro-inflammatory mediators which induce multiple and diverse biological responses in a wide variety of cell types. However, these pro-inflammatory mediators also have significant overlap and
Kinetic and metabolic studies of 7-(1,3-dithiolan-2-ylmethyl)-1,3-dimethylxanthine in the rat.
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The kinetics (absorption, tissue distribution and excretion) of 7-(1,3-dithiolan-2-ylmethyl)-1, 3-dimethylxanthine(ABC 99) were studied in the rat. ABC 99 was administered orally at doses of 10, 30 and 100 mg/kg for the serum kinetic studies. Only the 30 mg/kg dose was used for the tissue
Enhancement of wind-up by the combined administration of adenosine A1 receptor ligands on spinalized rats with carrageenan-induced inflammation.
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The adenosine A1 receptor agonist N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) is very effective in reducing wind-up in intact but not in spinalized adult rats with carrageenan-induced inflammation, suggesting an adenosine-mediated supraspinal modulation. Since wind-up is a spinal cord mediated phenomenon but
Chemical Constituents Identified from Fruit Body of Cordyceps bassiana and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity.
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Cordyceps bassiana is one of Cordyceps species with anti-oxidative, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, anti-angiogenic, and anti-nociceptive activities. This mushroom has recently demonstrated to have an ability to reduce 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis
Antinociception by adenosine analogs and inhibitors of adenosine metabolism in an inflammatory thermal hyperalgesia model in the rat.
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The present study examined the spinal antinociceptive effects of adenosine analogs and inhibitors of adenosine kinase and adenosine deaminase in the carrageenan-induced thermal hyperalgesia model in the rat. The possible enhancement of the antinociceptive effects of adenosine kinase inhibitors by an
Xanthine derivative KMUP-1 reduces inflammation and hyperalgesia in a bilateral chronic constriction injury model by suppressing MAPK and NFκB activation.
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Neuropathic pain is characterized by spontaneous pain, hyperalgesia, and allodynia. The aim of this study was to investigate whether KMUP-1 (7-[2-[4-(2-chlorobenzene)piperazinyl]ethyl]-1,3-dimethylxanthine) could improve pain hypersensitivity and reduce inflammatory mediators, and also explore
Astrocyte-derived adenosine modulates increased sleep pressure during inflammatory response.
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Activation of the immune system elicits several behavioral changes collectively called sickness. Among the behavioral changes, systemic infections induce an increase in time spent in nonrapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep and an increase of slow wave activity (or "sleep pressure"). Using an inducible,
Synthesis and biological evaluation of the new 1,3-dimethylxanthine derivatives with thiazolidine-4-one scaffold.
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BACKGROUND
The xanthine structure has proved to be an important scaffold in the process of developing a wide variety of biologically active molecules such as bronchodilator, hypoglycemiant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory agents. It is known that hyperglycemia generates reactive oxygen species
Caffeine metabolites are inhibitors of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 at physiological concentrations.
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The activity of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 (E.C.2.4.2.30), which is highly activated by DNA strand breaks, is associated with the pathophysiology of both acute as well as chronic inflammatory diseases. PARP-1 overactivation and the subsequent extensive turnover of its substrate
Peripheral antinociceptive action of amitriptyline in the rat formalin test: involvement of adenosine.
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The present study determined (1) whether amitriptyline could produce a local antinociceptive action in the formalin test, (2) whether endogenous adenosine was involved in this action, and (3) which other systems might contribute to such an action. Coadministration of amitriptyline 10-100 nmol with
A novel transverse push-pull microprobe: in vitro characterization and in vivo demonstration of the enzymatic production of adenosine in the spinal cord dorsal horn.
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Adenosine produces analgesia in the spinal cord and can be formed extracellularly through enzymatic conversion of adenine nucleotides. A transverse push-pull microprobe was developed and characterized to sample extracellular adenosine concentrations of the dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord. Samples
Interaction of the adenosine A1 receptor agonist N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) and opioid receptors in spinal cord nociceptive reflexes.
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OBJECTIVE
We previously observed that the adenosine A1 receptor agonist N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) is a very effective antinociceptive agent on intact but not on spinalized adult rats with inflammation. Since a close connection between opioid and adenosine A1 receptors has been described, we
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