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hypoxanthine/arabidopsis
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Molecular and functional analysis of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase from Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPT) occurs in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. However, the molecular and functional properties of plant HGPT are not well understood. In this study, it was found that the putative HGPT proteins from dicot and monocot plant species
AMP and GMP Catabolism in Arabidopsis Converge on Xanthosine, Which Is Degraded by a Nucleoside Hydrolase Heterocomplex.
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Plants can fully catabolize purine nucleotides. A firmly established central intermediate is the purine base xanthine. In the current widely accepted model of plant purine nucleotide catabolism, xanthine can be generated in various ways involving either inosine and hypoxanthine or guanosine and
Adenine nucleotide pool perturbation is a metabolic trigger for AMP deaminase inhibitor-based herbicide toxicity.
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AMP deaminase (AMPD) is essential for plant life, but the underlying mechanisms responsible for lethality caused by genetic and herbicide-based limitations in catalytic activity are unknown. Deaminoformycin (DF) is a synthetic modified nucleoside that is taken up by plant cells and 5'-phosphorylated
Biochemical characterization of an exonuclease from Arabidopsis thaliana reveals similarities to the DNA exonuclease of the human Werner syndrome protein.
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The human Werner syndrome protein (hWRN-p) possessing DNA helicase and exonuclease activities is essential for genome stability. Plants have no homologue of this bifunctional protein, but surprisingly the Arabidopsis genome contains a small open reading frame (ORF) (AtWRNexo) with homology to the
Biochemical characterization and structure-function relationship of two plant NCS2 proteins, the nucleobase transporters NAT3 and NAT12 from Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Nucleobase ascorbate transporters (NATs), also known as Nucleobase:Cation-Symporter 2 (NCS2) proteins, belong to an evolutionary widespread family of transport proteins with members in nearly all domains of life. We present the biochemical characterization of two NAT proteins, NAT3 and NAT12 from
Xanthine dehydrogenase AtXDH1 from Arabidopsis thaliana is a potent producer of superoxide anions via its NADH oxidase activity.
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Xanthine dehydrogenase AtXDH1 from Arabidopsis thaliana is a key enzyme in purine degradation where it oxidizes hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid. Electrons released from these substrates are either transferred to NAD(+) or to molecular oxygen, thereby yielding NADH or superoxide,
Tandem orientation of duplicated xanthine dehydrogenase genes from Arabidopsis thaliana: differential gene expression and enzyme activities.
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Xanthine dehydrogenase from the plant Arabidopsis thaliana was analyzed on molecular and biochemical levels. Whereas most other organisms appear to own only one gene for xanthine dehydrogenase A. thaliana possesses two genes in tandem orientation spaced by 704 base pairs. The cDNAs as well as the
A new family of high-affinity transporters for adenine, cytosine, and purine derivatives in Arabidopsis.
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In many organisms, including plants, nucleic acid bases and derivatives such as caffeine are transported across the plasma membrane. Cytokinins, important hormones structurally related to adenine, are produced mainly in root apices, from where they are translocated to shoots to control a multitude
A critical role for ureides in dark and senescence-induced purine remobilization is unmasked in the Atxdh1 Arabidopsis mutant.
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The remobilization of metabolites during stress and senescence plays an important role in optimal plant adaptation to the environment. The plant molybdenum co-factor (MoCo) and flavin-containing enzyme xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH; EC 1.2.1.37) are pivotal for purine remobilization, and catalyze the
The RNAi-mediated silencing of xanthine dehydrogenase impairs growth and fertility and accelerates leaf senescence in transgenic Arabidopsis plants.
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Xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) is a ubiquitous enzyme involved in purine metabolism which catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid. Although the essential role of XDH is well documented in the nitrogen-fixing nodules of leguminous plants, the physiological importance of this
AtAzg1 and AtAzg2 comprise a novel family of purine transporters in Arabidopsis.
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In plants, nucleobase biochemistry is highly compartmented relying upon a well-regulated and selective membrane transport system. In Arabidopsis two proteins, AtAzg1 and AtAzg2, show substantial amino acid sequence similarity to the adenine-guanine-hypoxanthine transporter AzgA of Aspergillus
Targeting novel chemical and constitutive primed metabolites against Plectosphaerella cucumerina.
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Priming is a physiological state for protection of plants against a broad range of pathogens, and is achieved through stimulation of the plant immune system. Various stimuli, such as beneficial microbes and chemical induction, activate defense priming. In the present study, we demonstrate that
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